AP psych unit 6

hunger is triggered by the __

Hypothalamus

Experiment where they swallowed a balloon to study stomach contractions and hunger

Cannon and Washburn

The stomach ___ when the body feels hunger

Contracts

Biologically, we feel hungry when…

Our blood sugar is low

Appetite hormone orexin regulates…

Arousal, wakefulness, and appetite

Appetite hormone insulin regulates…

Glucose

Appetite hormone ghrelin is…

Hunger producing

The appetite hormone PYY is…

Hunger decreasing

The appetite hormone leptin is…

Metabolism increasing

Brings hunger by producing orexin when glucose levels drop

Lateral hypothalamus

Lower-mid hypothalamus (ventromedial) ….

Depressed hunger

The point at which an individuals ‘weight thermostat’ is supposedly predisposed by heredity

Set point

The bodies resting rate of energy exposure (less food intake=lower, more food intake=higher)

Basal/metabolic rate

Psychologically, in terms of hunger we…

Remember our last meal and anticipate the next

Anorexia occurs when a person becomes ___ underweight and continues

15%

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

Motivation

The guy who cut off his arm (motivation)

Aaron ralston

Theory that behaviors are motivated by instincts (ex: fight or flight, reproduction, emotions, rooting reflex)

Instinct theory (evolutionary)

Theory that physiological needs create an aroused tension state that pushes you to satisfy the need (desire to maintain homeostasis)

Drive reduction theory

— that all of us are motivated by three psychological needs —-

Self-determination theory- autonomy, competence, relatedness

Prioritized pyramid of human needs

Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs

Order of Abraham maslows pyramid of needs

Physiological, safety, belonging/love, self esteem, self actualization

Theory that too little or too much stimulation can motivate people to find an optimum state of arousal and motivate certain behaviors-curiosity driven

Optimal arousal theory

Free climber who is an example of the optimal arousal theory

Alex honnold

Law that suggests a relationship between preformance, anxiety and arousal- increased arousal can improve performance to a certain extent

yerkes-Dodson law

The great starving experiment was by

Ancel keys (1950)

Carol izards 10 basic emotions

Joy, surprise, anger, contempt, shame, interest/excitement, sadness, disgust, fear, guilt, (poss love and pride)

Theory that physical arousal occurs BEFORE the emotion (heart races before you feel fear)

James-lange theory

Problems with James lange theory

Psysiological symptoms can be associated with more than one emotion

Theory that says physiological arousal occurs at the SAME TIME as emotion

Cannon-bard theory

Theory that physical arousal occurs and the brain approaches it he arousal in order to label it as the emotion felt (emotions are context dependent-racing heart can be fear or happiness)

Two factor theory (schachter-singer)

Arousal influences the way we perceive other events and interpret emotion (you yell at a different person than the one you’re mad at)

Spillover effect

Tendency to quickly adapt to a new situation, until situation becomes the norm

Adaptation level phenomenon

When you have the perception that you are worse off than those you compare yourself to (frustrating)

Relative deprivation

Positive emotions peak ___

Midday

Negative emotions peak…

After waking and right before sleeping

Tend to ___ from bad days with better or average days

Rebound

Making certain facial expressions can make you feel the conveyed emotion

Facial feedback hypothesis

Moving your body as if you were experiencing an emotion can cause that emotion to a degree

Behavior feedback hypothesis

Two parts of the dual-track stress response system

Fast track- triggers fight/flight-nervous system

Slow track- endocrine system