Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic (1800-1812)

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Election of 1800

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38 Terms

1

Election of 1800

The first peaceful transfer of power between political parties

  • Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans defeated John Adams and the Federalists

  • Also called the Revolution of 1800

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ideological, accusations, rhetoric

The Election of 1800 highlighted deep ? divides and led to many ? and intense ?

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3

leadership, Jeffersonian

The Election of 1800 demonstrated the electorate could change ? through elections and sent America into a new age of ? policies

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4

Sally Hemings Controversy

An allegation against Jefferson that he had a long-term relationship between one of his slaves, Sally Hemings

  • showed complexities in Jefferson’s legacy

    • especially on his views on slavery and race

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5

implications, slavery

The Sally Hemings Controversy presented a moral dilemma over the ? of ? in early American society

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6

Marbury vs Madison

A landmark Supreme Court case based on John Adams’ “Midnight Judges”

  • John Adams appoints many judges last second before leaving office to retain Federalist influence

  • James Madison refuses to deliver the commissions, prompting William Marbury, one of the commission to sue

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Judicial Review, Unconstitutional

Marbury vs Madison resulted in John Marshall establishing ?, allowing Supreme Court to declare acts of Congress ? if need be

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authority

Marbury vs Madison affirmed the judiciary’s ?

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9

Barbary States

States located in North Africa known for their piracy against American and European ships in the Mediterranean during the 19th century

  • Prompted the Tripolitan War (1801-1805)

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bribes, naval forces

In the Tripolitan War, Jefferson refused to pay ? and deployed ? to the region

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11

commerce, national sovereignty

The Barbary States and Tripolitan War highlighted the challenges of protecting American ? and asserting ?

  • showcased early American naval power

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12

Louisiana Purchase Treaty

An agreement between the U.S. and French in 1803 where President Jefferson purchased land from France that doubled the size of the U.S.

  • Purchased for agriculture and westward expansion

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interpretation, slavery

The Louisiana Purchase Treaty raised questions about constitutional ? and the future of ?

  • Jefferson wanted a strict interpretation of the Constitution, but the Constitution doesn’t say the executive branch can buy land?

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14

Corps of Discovery

An expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark from 1804 to 1806 commissioned by President Jefferson

  • goal was to explore the Louisiana Territory and find a route to the Pacific Ocean

  • document geography, resources, and native tribes

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science, relations, natives, westward

During the Corps of Discovery, Lewis and Clark were able to contribute to American ? and foster good ? with the ?

  • Heightened interests in ? expansion

  • Oh and Sacagawea was cool (:

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Zebulon Pike

An American explorer known for his expeditions in the early 1800s, particularly for his journey in the southern portion of the Louisiana Territory

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Colorado, New Mexico, Pike’s Peak

Zebulon Pike explored ? and ?

  • credited with discovering ?

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18

exploration, westward expansion

Zebulon Pike inspired future western ? and heightened the frenzy for ?

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Aaron Burr

Third vice president of the United States and ultimately seen as a traitor

  • killed Hamilton in a duel

  • made an entire freaking conspiracy

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Burr Conspiracy

A conspiracy theory made by Aaron Burr to create a separate nation in the West

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expansion, instability

Aaron Burr underscored the tensions in early American politics regarding ? and ?

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Impressment

Practice of British Royal Navy during early 19th century where American sailors were forcibly recruited to serve on British ships

  • widespread resentment among Americans

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hatred, war

British impressment fueled ? against the British and heightened calls for ?

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Chesapeake Affair

A confrontation between the British Warship HMS Leopard and the American frigate USS Chesapeake in 1807

  • 3 Americans were killed and others wounded

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pride, security, navy

The Chesapeake Affair raised questions about national ? and ?

  • Stressed the importance of a strong ?

  • Jefferson needed to act quickly

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26

Embargo Act

A legislative measure enacted by President Jefferson that prohibited American vessels from trading with foreign nations in 1807

  • response to British and French interference with American shipping

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distress, New England

The Embargo Act backfired horribly, leading to economic ?, especially in ?

  • led to a repeal in 1809

  • it was honestly a stupid law from the start

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neutrality

The Embargo Act demonstrated the challenge of upholding American ?

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Non-Intercourse Act of 1809

A replacement for the failed Embargo Act

  • Reopened trade to all nations except Britain and France

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interfered, frustration, War of 1812

Despite the creation of the Non-Intercourse Act, the British and French still ? with American shipping

  • led to more ? among Americans and contributed to the eventual ?

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31

Tecumseh

A skilled speaker and military leader who advocated for a confederation of tribes to resist U.S. expansion

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Tenskwatawa

A prominent Native American religious leader who promoted a spiritual revival and worked with his brother to resist U.S. expansion

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symbols, resistance

Both Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa stood as ? for indigenous ?

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Battle of Tippecanoe

A conflict between American forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison and Native American warriors led by Tenskwatawa

  • Occurred on November 1811 in Indiana

  • The Native Americans lost horribly

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weakened, resistance, catalyst

The Battle of Tippecanoe ? Native American ? against U.S. expansion significant

  • served as a ? for the War of 1812

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War of 1812

A war fought between the U.S. and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815

  • Often referred to as “Mr. Madison’s War”

  • President James Madison declared war after pressure from Congress War Hawks

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impressment, restrictions, resistance

The War of 1812 arose from issues such as British ?, trade ?, and British-Associated Native American ?

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nationalism, westward expansion

The War of 1812 fostered an extreme surge in American ? and let American commence ?

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