Science unit 4 grade 8: HC

Flashcards based on lecture notes about light and optics.

A triangular prism __ white light, separating it into a spectrum of colors.

refracts

The colors of the visible spectrum are represented by the acronym __.

ROY G BIV

As the wavelength of a wave increases, the __ decreases.

frequency

In a mirror, the angle of __ equals the angle of reflection.

incidence

A __ lens causes light rays to converge toward a focal point.

convex

An object that appears white light, while an object that appears black light.

reflects, absorbs

List the electromagnetic spectrum in order of decreasing wavelength: __.

Radio waves > Microwaves > Infrared > Visible light > Ultraviolet > X-rays > Gamma rays

The shift in vision where colors appear muted or grey in twilight is called the __.

Purkinje effect

The and are the parts of the eye involved in focusing light.

cornea, lens

The __ part of the eye does most of the focusing.

cornea

When looking at a nearby object, the lens in your eye becomes __ and more curved.

thicker

List four common defects in human vision: ___, __, ____, ___.

Short sightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, snow blindness

A laser emits light that is highly __, coherent, and travels in a narrow beam.

focused

A __ lens is thicker in the middle than at the edges.

convex

A __ mirror curves inward and reflects parallel light rays to a focal point in front of the mirror.

concave

The more curved a convex lens is, the __ it bends light rays.

more

__ is a form of energy that travels as waves and can be either low or high energy, depending on its strengths.

Electromagnetic radiation

The __ simplifies light’s behavior by treating it as a collection of straight lines called rays.

ray model of light

The __ is an electromagnetic wave, characterized by alternating electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space.

wave model of light

The __ says light consists of tiny, discrete particles called photons.

particle model of light

__ is the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave.

Wavelength

__ is the number of times a repeating event occurs within a unit of time.

Frequency

__ is the measurement of the amount of energy transferred by a wave.

Amplitude

__ means light bouncing off a surface

Reflection

__ is the process where an item takes light into itself making it part of its volume.

Absorption

__ is when a wave (like light) travels through a medium.

Transmission

__ is the bending or change in direction of a wave including light and sound as it passes from one medium to another.

Refraction

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of __ and the incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal all lie in the same plane.

reflection

A __ mirror is a normal flat mirror that reflects light.

plane

A __ is a mirror in which the reflecting surface is curved inward and it has a focal point.

concave mirror

A __ mirror is curved outward and doesn’t have a focal point.

convex

__ is a transparent material put in the eye when the focal point doesn't land on the retina

Lens

A __ lens bends parallel light rays inward causing them to converge towards the focal point.

converging

A __ lens causes parallel light rays to spread out or diverge as they pass through it. It’s meant for when the focal point overlaps.

diverging

__ sighted, is where They can only see far and not close, it means the light focus is behind the retina.

Far

__ sighted, is where they can only see close, it occurs when the light focus is in front of the retina.

Near

__ is a temporary painful eye condition caused by overexposure to ultraviolet rays.

Snow blindness

A __ telescope uses mirrors to gather and focus light to see further away.

reflecting

__ is when the light rays focus on different areas of the retina.

Astigmatism

__ is a procedure that uses a laser to correct refractive errors in the eye, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.

Laser eye surgery