Glucose Regulation Unit 4

Glycogenolysis

breakdown of glycogen to glucose.

What are the counter-regulatory hormones?

glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol

Insulin resistance

a state in which the body cells respond abnormally to the signaling action of insulin

Gluconeogenesis

the process of producing glucose from noncarbohydrate sources

Risk factors for impaired glucose regulation

age, pregnancy, race, genetics, lifestyle, family history, medications

Primary prevention impaired glucose regulation

diet, exercise, weight control

Secondary prevention for glucose regulation

AIC screening, glucose measurements, cholesterol, blood pressure, annual renal function, dental, foot, eye

Symptoms of Hypogylcemia

reduced cognition, tremors, diaphoresis (sweating), weakness, hunger, headache, irritability, seizure

Symptoms of hyperglycemia

polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, fatigue, fruity odor to breath, kussmaul breathing, weight loss, hunger, poor wound healing

Glycogen

Stored glucose in liver and muscles cells

Euglycemia BG ranges

70-140 (70-99 fasting, 100-140 postprandial)

Hypoglycemia BG ranges

<70; < 50 severe

Hyperglycemia BG ranges

> 100 fasting, > 140 post meal, >180 severe

What do counter-regulatory hormones?

oppose the action of insulin and raise the BG level