Chapter 7 - Quantum, Atomic, and Nuclear Physics

Photoelectric effect

The ________ is when incident light is shined on a metal, electrons detach.

mass defect

The ________ may become the nuclear binding energy and will be equal to the strong nuclear force that holds the nucleus together.

Fission reactions

________ are when a heavy nucleus is split into two chunks.

N1

________ is called the ground state- the lowest possible energy level for the electron.

Beta

________ (β) decay is when either a positron or electron is emitted.

Mass

________ is a solid form of energy and can be converted into energy and vice versa.

ɸ

________ is the work function- the energy required to remove an electron from a specific element /material.

Alpha

________ (𝞪) decay is when a Helium nucleus is emitted from the original isotope.

Antimatter

every normal particle has a(n) ________ to match it (electron and positron)

photon

When a(n) ________ collides with an atom and the atom emits an electron, momentum and energy are conserved.

Fusion reactions

________ are when two light nuclei combine to make a heavier and stable nucleus.

The probability of finding the particle at a certain location

Particles have a wave function representing _________________________.

h

____ is Planck’s constant

Threshold frequency

_______________ is the minimum frequency for electron emission

λ

___ represents de Broglie’s wavelength

Alpha particle (𝞪)

The __________ is two protons and two neutrons together (helium nucleus)

Beta particle (β)

The ____________ is either an electron or positron

Isotopes

__________ have same atomic number of an element but different mass numbers

Alpha (𝞪) decay

The ____________ is a Helium nucleus is emitted from the original isotope

Mass defect

____________ is the slight difference in mass between the total mass present before the decay and after the decay

Half-life

___________ is the time it takes for a radioactive isotope to decay half its original amount

Induced Reaction

An __________________ is when scientists bombard a nucleus with high-speed particles to induce the emittance of a proton