Founding Documents

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31 Terms

1

What was the primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence?

To formally separate the American colonies from Britain

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2

Which Enlightenment philosopher’s ideas on natural rights heavily influenced the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke

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3

What was one major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

It allowed states to conduct their own foreign policy, making the national government weak

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4

What was the significance of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

It established a system for adding new states to the Union

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5

What was the main argument in Federalist No. 10?

A strong national government would protect against factions

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6

The U.S. Constitution was drafted primarily to

Replace the Articles of Confederation

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7

What major concern did Anti-Federalists have about the proposed Constitution?

It did not include a Bill of Rights

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8

What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

To protect individual liberties from government overreach

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9

What was one influence of the Magna Carta on the U.S. Constitution?

The idea of trial by jury

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10

Which document was an early example of self-government in the American colonies?

The Mayflower Compact

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11

The English Bill of Rights influenced the U.S. Constitution by emphasizing

The protection of individual rights

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12

Who wrote Common Sense, a pamphlet that encouraged American independence?

Thomas Paine

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13

The Virginia Declaration of Rights served as a model for which document?

The Bill of Rights

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14

What was one argument presented in Brutus 1?

A large republic would threaten individual liberties

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15

Which of the following was NOT a principle in the Declaration of Independence?

Separation of powers

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16

Which principle was strengthened by the Federalist Papers?

Federalism

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17

What was one reason the Articles of Confederation failed?

Congress had no power to tax

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18

How did the Bill of Rights impact the U.S. government?

It placed limits on the government’s power

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19

The Supremacy Clause in the Constitution establishes that

The Constitution is the supreme law of the land

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20

What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

To encourage support for the ratification of the Constitution

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21

What Enlightenment thinker influenced the Declaration of Independence with the idea of natural rights?

John Locke, who argued for life, liberty, and property as natural rights.

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22

What argument did Federalist No. 51 make about government structure?

It advocated for checks and balances and separation of powers to prevent tyranny.

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23

What was the main argument of Anti-Federalist Papers, such as Brutus 1?

That a strong central government would threaten individual rights and state power.

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24

What was the impact of Common Sense (1776) by Thomas Paine?

It convinced many American colonists to support independence from Britain.

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25

How did the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776) influence the U.S. Bill of Rights?

It inspired protections for freedom of speech, religion, and the right to a fair trial.

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26

What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact (1620)?

It was the first self-governing agreement in the colonies, setting a precedent for democracy.

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27

What did the Magna Carta (1215) establish that influenced American government?

The idea that no one is above the law, including the king, influencing the U.S. rule of law.

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28

How did the English Bill of Rights (1689) influence the U.S. Constitution?

It introduced concepts like limited government, the right to petition, and protections against cruel and unusual punishment.

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29

What was a major difference between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

Federalists supported a strong central government, while Anti-Federalists wanted stronger state governments and a Bill of Rights.

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30

What clause in the Constitution establishes it as the highest law of the land?

The Supremacy Clause (Article VI).

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31

What principle does the Full Faith and Credit Clause (Article IV) establish?

That states must respect and recognize the public acts, records, and judicial rulings of other states.

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