23/24 Exploration and Colonization TEST STUDY GUIDE

What European country colonized the modern-day east coast of the United States? (13 Colonies)

Great Britain/England

Economic benefits of Colonies to Mother Countries

markets and goods to support trade

Without the introduction of this Cash Crop, the Colony of Jamestown would have never succeeded.

Tobacco

The production of labor-intensive cash crops SUCH as TOBACCO led the Southern Colonies to rely on what economic practice?

The use of African Slave labor

3 reasons for European Exploration of the Americas

1. New trade routes to Asia,

2. the desire to find gold and wealth,


3. the need to spread religious beliefs

Name 3 ways European exploration impacted Native Americans (Indians).

1. Native American Indians were displaced from their native lands.

2. Diseases brought by Europeans caused large numbers of Native American deaths.

3. Native Americans became involved in a series of wars involving colonial powers.

Quakers originally settled in what colony?

Pennsylvania

Virginia's House of Burgesses was the first type of what kind of government attempted in Britain's North American Colonies?

Representative Democracy

Roman Catholics originally settled in what colony?

Maryland

This colony was established as a place to escape debtors prison.

Georgia

Define: Primary Source

Is information that was created at the same time as an event or by a person directly involved in the event.

Define: Secondary Source

Is information from somewhere else or by a person not directly involved in the event.

Puritans originally settled in what colony?

Massachusetts

First Person to circumnavigate the world. (prove you could sail around the world)

Ferdinand Magellan

He sailed across the Atlantic Ocean and unknowingly discovered North and South America.

Christopher Columbus

3 Religious Reasons for European colonization of the Americas;

1. Create religious utopias

2. Escape religious persecution

3. Convert Native Americans to Christianity

What European country originally colonized most of Canada and founded Quebec?

France

What European country colonized most of North and South America?

Spain

A temperate climate, meaning warm summers and cold winters, best describes what colonial region?

Middle

Name the New England Colonies

New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut

Name the Middle Colonies

Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware

Name the Southern Colonies

North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Maryland, Virginia

A warm climate with hot summers and mild winters best describes what colonial region?

Southern

This Colonial Region was founded by the Puritans to escape religious persecution in England.

New England

These Colonies were known as the "Bread-Basket Colonies".

Middle

This colonial region's main source of income came from cash crops such as Indigo, Rice, and Tobacco.

Southern

This group of religious reformers wanted to "purify" Christianity and were persecuted in England for their beliefs.

Puritans

Fishing, Shipbuilding, Whaling, and Timber are the major economic activities of what Colonial Region?

New England

What colonial region's Economy relied heavily on slave labor and indentured servants to work on their large plantations?

Southern

Rocky soil and long, cold winters best describe what colonial region.

New England

The Columbian Exchange and Triangle Trade were the establishment of trade routes between what three regions of the world?

1. The Americas (North and South)

2. Europe

3. Africa

Colonies were expected to produce what for the mother Country?

Raw materials

2 lasting cultural effects of European Colonization still seen in the U.S. today.

1. Christian Religion

2. European Languages

Define: MERCANTILISM

The economic system where countries believed wealth and power came from EXPORTING more than IMPORTING.

What Southern Colony was established for Roman Catholics to escape religious persecution in England?

Maryland

Prince Henry the Navigator

He started an important Navigational School in Portugal in 1419, and sponsored sailors to explore the Coast of Africa to find an all-water route to India.

Vasco de Gama

He sailed from Portugal AROUND the southern tip of Africa (the Cape of Good Hope) and reached INDIA in 1498.

Bartholomeu Dias

In 1488 was the first European to find the Southern Tip of Africa, which he called the “Cape of Good Hope.”