PNS (anatomy)

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Biology

Anatomy

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35 Terms

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Nerve
bundle of neuron fibers outside CNS; classified by direction
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Endoneurium
tissue around each neuron fiber
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Perineurium
tissue around a group of neuron fibers
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Epineurium
tough fibrous sheath around all fascicles
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Mixed Nerves
sensory and motor fibers
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Afferent
(sensory) carry impulses towards CNS
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Efferent
(motor) carry impulses away from CNS
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Cranial Nerves
12 pairs, head and neck, mostly mixed nerves
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Olfactory
(sensory) smell
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Optic
(sensory) vision
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Oculomotor
4 of 6 fibers to eyeball, eyelid, and pupil size
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Trochlear
(motor) one external eye muscle
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Trigeminal
(sensory) skin of face, nose, mouth, chewing
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Abducens
(motor) move eyes side to side
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Facial
facial expressions, salvia, taste buds
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Vestibulocochlear
(sensory) balance and hearing
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Glossopharyngeal
(motor) neck, swallowing, saliva, tastebuds
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Vagus
(sensory + motor) pharynx, larynx, abdominal, viscera, help digest
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Accessory
(motor) activate sternocleidomastoid + trapezius
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Hypoglossal
(motor) control tongue movements, sensory carry impulses from tongue.
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Spinal Nerves
31 pairs, named for region of cord, dorsal(small), ventral(.5 inches)
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Plexuses
serve motor and sensory needs
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Cervical plexus
(C1-C5), diaphragm, shoulder, neck
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Brachial Plexus
(C5-C8, T1) deltoid, triceps, forearm, muscles of hand
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Lumbar Plexus
(L1-L4) low abdomen, butt, anterior thighs, skin of leg and thigh, small hip muscles, hip joint
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Sacral Plexus
(L4-L5, S1-S4) lower trunk, posterior thigh, leg and foot, muscles of hip
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Autonomic Nervous System
no control over it, regulate cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, glands. Homeostasis relies on it
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Sympathetic Division
"flight or fight," continues until hormonesbreak down
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Parasympathetic Division
"resting and digesting," regulate calm heart rates
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Both divisions
they work in a dynamic balance (NOT ALL OR NONE).
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Blood vessels
only controlled by sympathetic
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Nervous system
first month of development, highest metabolic rate
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Birth
smoking, alcohol, drugs= cerebral palsy, no oxygen
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After birth
no more neurons are formed after birthed
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Boxing and Drinking
small brain, dementia