Positively charged subatomic particles. Found in the nucleus of an atom.
New cards
4
Neutron
Neutral (no charge) subatomic particles. Found in the nucleus of an atom.
New cards
5
Electron
Negatively charged subatomic particles with almost no mass. Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom on different energy levels.
New cards
6
Physical Property
The way something looks, feels, smells, etc. (Color, Size, Density, Luster, Malleability, Magnetism, Boiling Point, Melting Point, Solubility).
New cards
7
Chemical Property
Describe the ability of something to undergo different chemical changes (Flammability, Reactivity).
New cards
8
Chemical Change
Change in color, Change in Energy (Light, Heat), Change in Odor, Formation of a Gas or Solid.
Chemical Changes cannot easily be reversed (ex. wood ash from a bonfire).
New cards
9
Element
Unique atoms that make up a specific substance.
New cards
10
Periodic Table
Lists and organizes elements.
New cards
11
Chemical Symbol
One or two letters that represents an element on the periodic table.
New cards
12
Atomic Number
The number of protons an atom contains. Each element has a different number of protons.
New cards
13
Atomic Mass
The average mass of a typical atom of that element. (Protons and Neutrons). (Atomic Mass- Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons)
New cards
14
Period
A row of elements across the periodic table.
New cards
15
Group/Family
A column of elements in the periodic table. Groups/families have similar physical and chemical properties.
New cards
16
Energy Level
“Zones” or “Orbits” of electrons. 2, 8, 18, 32
New cards
17
Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons. (Atomic Mass changes).
New cards
18
Neutral Element
The number of protons is equal to the number of neutrons (net charge is zero).
New cards
19
Valence Electrons
Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom. Valence electrons are the furthest away from the nucleus of an atom, so they are easily bonded/transferred during a chemical reaction.
New cards
20
Chemical Bond
When electrons from different atoms pair up, they form a chemical bond.
New cards
21
Ion
An atom that has a positive or negative charge (more or less electrons than the number of protons).
New cards
22
Cation
A positively charged ion.
New cards
23
Anion
A negatively charged ion.
New cards
24
Inert
Chemically inactive (does not react with other atoms).
New cards
25
Reactive
More likely to react with other atoms- can bond easily with other elements.
New cards
26
Lewis Dot Structure
A representation of the number of valence electrons in an atom.
New cards
27
Octet Rule
The theory that atoms tend to bond in a way that each atom has 8 electrons in its valence (outermost) energy level.
New cards
28
Bohr Model
A model of an atom that shows protons and neutrons at the center with electrons at various energy levels (orbits) around the nucleus.
New cards
29
Metal
A metal is a material that ***when polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well.***
New cards
30
Metalloid
A material that has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.
New cards
31
Covalent Bond
A chemical bond that consists of the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between to atoms.
New cards
32
Ionic Bond
The attraction between two oppositely charged atoms. Valence electrons are permanently transferred from one atom to another.
Studied by 101 people
