European Arrival in the Americas

European Kingdom Time Period of Change

European Kingdom Time Period of Change

1300s-1400s

European Kingdom Change in Political Structure

• Political Unification

• Stronger and More Centralized States

European Kingdom Changes in Gov’t

Governed By Monarchs

European Kingdom Consequences of Political Change

• Growing Wealthy Upper Class

• Developed Taste For Asian Luxury Goods

• New Maritime Trade Routes (Land Was Already Occupied By Muslims)

Portugal Trading Characteristics: What/Where /Why

What:

Maritime Trade

Where:

Trading Post Empire in Africa

Strong Presence in Indian Ocean Trade Network

Why:

Growing Upper Class Demand For Luxury Goods

Maritime Tool Technology

• Astronomical Charts

• Astrolabe

Maritime Ship Technology

• Small and Nimble Ships

• Devoted For Trade

• Lateen Sails

• Stern-Post Rudder

Spain Trading Characteristics: What/Where/Why

What:

Maritime Trade

Where:

Sail West for New Asian Trade Routes (Americas)

Why:

Reconquest of Iberian Peninsula From Muslims

Spanish Reconquest of Iberian Peninsula From Muslims Consequences

• Fire to Spread Christianity

• New Economic Opportunities in the East

Christopher Columbus

Italian Sailor that Proposes New Economic Opportunity in the West to Ferdinand

Discovery of Americas Location and Time Period

Carribean in 1492

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of People, Animals, Plants, and Diseases from East - West and West - East

Americas - Europe: Food/Animals/Goods/Disease

Maize, Turkey, Gold and Silver, Syphillus

Europe - Americas: Food/Animals/Disease/Slavery

Wheat, Horses, Disease (Smallpox), African Slavery

Old European Social System Before Americas

Feudalism: People worked and fought for Nobles who gave them protection and the use of land

New European Social System After Americas

Capitalism: Private Ownership and Free Exchange

Joint - Stock Company

Capitalistic Characteristic: A business owned by investors, with each investor owning a share of the company

Native Encomienda System

Spanish Forced Natives to Harvest Crops and Extract Gold and Silver

Native Encomienda System Consequences

• Too Many Natives Dying from Small Pox

• Easily Escape

• Led to African Encomienda System

African Encomienda System Benefits

• Immune to Small Pox

• Couldn’t Easily Escape

Spain Domination Location

Central and South America

Spain Domination Characteristics

• Reorder of Society

• Casta System

Sepulveda Ideology

Natives Deserved Brutal Treatment and Benefited From it

Las Casas Ideology

Native’s are Worthy of Self - Defense and are Human

• Persuaded King to Pass Laws and End Native American Slavery

• Later Repealed By Nobles Due to Decrease in Economy

European Belief in African American Slavery

Interpreted Blacks to Ham in Bible Book of Genesis