Oxidative Phosphorylation

where to electrons that are loaded into NADH and FADH₂ go

the Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

what is the electron transport chain

A serial network of protiens and molecules in the inner mitochondria membrane that pass electrons to each other

ETC steps

Step 1: Electrons shuttled from earlier are delived to the ETC

Step 2: Electrons are passed from complexes 1 and 2

Step 3: Electrons are passed through each protein complex before getting captured by Oxgen (which quikcly forms water)

Step 4: As electrons are passed between the protein complexes they provide energy to pump H+ into the inter membrane space

What is final electron accepter that pulls electrons through the ETC

Oxygen

what does step 4 of the ETC lead to

A high concentration of H+ in the inter membrane space

What is the final step of cellular respiration

Oxidtavtive Phosphorlation

2 steps in oxidative phosphroylation

ETC and Chemiosmosis

Chemiosmosis steps

1. H+ can passivly move through the enzyme ATP synthase due to high concentration of H+ in the intermembrane space

2. Flow of H+ causes rotation of the “rotor” subunit of ATP synthase

3. Turning of the rotor leads to conformation changes in the knob subunit, providing energy needed to add a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP

What is the general idea of oxidative phosphorylation

Whole process of ultimatley passing elecrons to oxyegn to phosphorylate ADP to ATP

How is ATP generated in Anaerobic envoirments

Substrate level phosphosrylation

All ATP for organisms in anaerobic enviroments are generated during glycolysis

VERY inefficient

What is fermentaition

Breaking down of glucose without oxyegen

two prodcuts of fermentaiton and where they are produced

Lactic acid - Some bactieria and muscle cells

Enthyl Alchhol - Other bacteria and yeasts