help HELP HELP!!!!

enlonged mass fellow (sal)

Sensation

The process by which sensory receptors detect stimuli and send information to the brain

Perception

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

Absolute Threshold

The minimum amount of stimulus needed to detect a sensation 50% of the time

Color Blindness

A condition caused by missing or malfunctioning cone cells, usually affecting red-green vision

Afterimage

A visual image that remains after the original stimulus is gone due to receptor fatigue

Vision

The sense that detects light and converts it into neural signals

Rods

Retinal receptor cells responsible for black-and-white and peripheral vision

Cones

Retinal receptor cells responsible for color and detailed vision

Cornea

Transparent outer covering of the eye that bends light

Pupil

Opening in the eye that allows light to enter

Iris

Colored part of the eye that controls pupil size

Lens

Part of the eye that focuses light onto the retina

Retina

Light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye containing rods and cones

Fovea

Area of the retina with the sharpest vision

Blind Spot

Area where the optic nerve exits the eye and no receptors are present

Optic Nerve

Carries visual information from the eye to the brain

Depth Perception

The ability to see objects in three dimensions

Retinal Disparity

The difference between images seen by each eye that allows depth perception

Visual Cliff

An experiment demonstrating depth perception in infants

Gestalt Theory

The idea that the brain organizes sensory information into meaningful wholes

Outer Ear

Collects sound waves

Middle Ear

Contains ossicles that amplify sound

Ossicles

Three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, stirrup) that amplify sound

Inner Ear

Contains the cochlea

Cochlea

Converts sound vibrations into neural signals

Pitch

How high or low a sound is

Timbre

The quality of a sound

Decibels

Measure of loudness

Cutaneous Sensation

The sense of touch

Olfaction

The sense of smell

Olfactory Receptors

Receptor cells for smell located in the nose

Olfactory Bulb

Processes smell information and sends it to the brain

Gustation

The sense of taste

Taste Buds

Receptor cells responsible for taste

Vestibular Sense

Sense of balance and movement

Kinesthetic Sense

Sense of body position and movement

Gestalt Principles

Similarity : We group similar objects together

Proximity : We group objects that are close together

Closure : We fill in gaps to perceive complete objects

Perceptual Constancies

Size Constancy : Objects appear the same size despite distance

Color Constancy : Colors remain the same under different lighting

Brightness Constancy : Brightness remains consistent

Shape Constancy : Objects maintain their shape despite angle

Space Constancy : Objects are perceived as stable in location

Illusion

A misinterpretation of sensory information

Müller-Lyer Illusion

An illusion where lines appear different lengths due to arrow ends

Reversible Figure

An image that can be perceived in more than one way