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Enclosure Movenment

Wealthy landowners fenced in their lands forcing small farmers to become tenants or move to the city (urbanization)

Edison

Invented the light bulb

Bessemer

a process for making steel

Hargreaves

invented the spinning jenny

Cotton Gin

Created by Eli whitney, Cleans cotton (1.5 million pounds, 85 million pounds in 1810), Increase need for slavery

steam engine

Created by James Watt, Cheap, convenient source of power, Pollution

John McAdam

invented the all weather road

steam locomotive

George Stephenson, Transports heavy loads over land, Pollution

Steamboat

Robert futon, Slashed cost of transportation, Pollution

McCormick

mechanical reaper

Tull

created the steel drill

crop rotation

improved the 3 field system instead fallow, plant a root veggie (turnips), Charles Townshend

Urbanization

city building and movement of people of cities, Caused by growth of the factory system

Middle Class

a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy families

Woking class

laborers who saw little improvement in their living and working conditions

Eli Whitney

Invented the cotton gin

James Watt

Invented the steam engine

George Stephenson

Invented steam locomotive

Robert futon

Invented the steam boat

Charles Townshend

Invented crop rotation

Sigmund Freud

Believed the unconscious drove people's actions (iceberg theory)

Ivan Pavlov

Believed that behavior could be conditioned (experiment with dogs)

John Dalton

Discovered the atom

Dmitri Mendeleev

Arranged the periodic table of the elements

Gregor Mendel

Did extensive work with genetics to discover patterns of inheritance

Joseph Lister

Developed antiseptics

Louis Pastuer

Discovered modern germ theory and heats ability to kill bacteria

The Curies

Did extensive studies with radiation and radioactive elements

Guillermo Marconi

Invented the radio

Lissez-faire

"Hands off economics" against gov involvement in business

Manchester and Leeds

Textile producing cities (TEXTILES)

Sheffield and Birmingham

Iron producing cities (IRON)

Global Market

England took advantage of this by selling to its colonies

Hull House

The settlement house started by Jane Addams in Chicago to help the poor

Liberalism

The stable, democratic gov of England that helped business

War of 1812

Caused blockade that motivated U.S. to increase industrialization

Adam Smith

Wrote the "Wealth of Nations"

Wealth of Nations Book

Defended the idea of the free market and believed *free trade* regulated economics.

Abolotion

Movement to end slavery

Capitalism

Economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned

Stock

The right of ownership in a company that is sold to raise money to expand the business

Luddites

People who destroyed machines that they viewed as a threat to their job

Union

Voluntary labor association of workers who press for reforms

Imperialism

The policy of expanding one country's rule over many other lands

Utilitarianism

States that all decisions should be made based on the usefulness to the most people

Jeremy Bentham

Created Utilitarianism

Socialism

Economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all

Karl Marx

Created Communism with Fredrich Engles in the Communist Manifesto

Communism

The final stage of socialism. All means of production are owned by the people. No private property. Classless society.

Big Business

Giant corporations that controlled entire bussineses

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Organization that consists of several unions that merged together

Corporations

Businesses owned by stockholders who share in profits but not debt

John D Rockefeller

Founder of Standard Oil

Iron - Steel - Textiles Industries

Helped US industrial revolution start

What reforms were made as a result of the Industrial Revolution

Mandatory public education, child labor laws, and eight-hour workdays.

Jane Addams

Created the Hull House

Enclosure Movement

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** E **

Natural Resources

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** N **

Global Markets and Materials

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** G **

Liberalism

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** L **

Available Capital

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** A **

New Inventions

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** N **

Domestic Industry

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? \** D **

Positives of Industrial Revolution

Increase in wealth, the production of goods, and the standard of living

United States Before 1803

A

Mexican Cession

D

Florida Territory

AB

Oregon Territory

C

Gadsden Purchase

AC

Louisiana Territory

B

Texas Annexation

E