Civil rights movement

Also has practice writing questions

Human right

ideal set of civil rights that a government can choose to implement

Civil right

Interpretation and adoption of human rights into a legal system

Federal government

Government that has jurisdiction over whole country

state law

State government has juristiction over state

Constitution

Set of laws that ‘cannot’ be changed , how the country works.

FEDERAL

De facto

Type of Jim Crow law

Laws that are NOT legally binding, Social norms

De facto is born out of fear

De Jure

Jim crow law

Legally binding segregation laws

Amendment

Clause (law) In the constitution

Plessy vs Ferguson

Plessy went on all white carriage, and was intentioally arrested. He went to court with lawyer to fight the de Jure law.

Supreme court claimed segregation was okay as long as facilities were separate but equal

Legitimized Jim Crow laws

plessy lost

Brown vs Board

Challanged segregation school system, he said that segregated schools were bad for students mental heath

Court overturned Plessy vs Ferguson, but there was no practical application.

Ku Klux Klan

A terrorist orginisation that enforced de facto segregation with violet punishment - lynching, beatings

Montgomery bus boycott

The Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956) was a year-long protest against racial segregation on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama, sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest for refusing to give up her seat. Led by figures like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the boycott ended with the Supreme Court ruling bus segregation unconstitutional, marking a major victory for the Civil Rights Movement.

Black people also used Economic power on a boycott of most white businesses, as they couldn’t get the bus to get to them anymore

Little rock

The Little Rock Nine were a group of black students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957 after the Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education decision. Their enrollment was met with violent backlash, forcing President Eisenhower to send federal troops to enforce desegregation. The event highlighted the intense opposition to integration.

Greensborough 4

Febuary 1st 4 students from university of Alabama asked for service as all white lunch counter. They continued to show up every day, and hundreds of other students showed up. By July it was finally integrated

Black people used their economic power by blocking customers from buying food, they were forced to change.

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

organized cases to challenge jim crow laws in court, litigation was main form of activism

Made up of black activists and lawyers.

SCLC

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Christian activists, who’s main form of activism was by protest. They were usually parishes.

SNCC

Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee

was a group of students whose main form of protest was sit ins for maximum exposure

They were all trained

CORE

The Congress Of Racial Equality

was an integrated group of people who participated in the freedom rides

Freedom rides (CORE)

Mixed group went on interstate busses starting in Washington, with a end destination of Louisiana. the result was extremely violent backlash partially due to racial betrayal

Albany movement

MLK was involved, and he failed as there wasnt enough reaction from white people

Birmingham

MLK went to Birmingham after his defeat. Birmingham was ‘most racist city in USA'“ so he knew there would be enough violent backlash. Initially He failed to gain many demonstrators as they felt it was unnecessary, and because they were sacred, but after getting himself arrested after violating court injunction not to protest.

They got schoolchildren and students involved to march. Attracted global attention. Police and their dogs turned on children. President Kennedy was so embarrassed, he was forced to take action.

great media manipulation

Letter from Birmingham jail

Malcom X

13 amendment

abolishment of slavery

14 amendment

Civil rights

15 amendment

voting rights