Bioenergetics for Separate Science

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide + water makes glucose + oxygen

What is the chemical symbol for glucose?

C6H12O6

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O makes C6H12O6 + O2

What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

What type of reaction is photosynthesis6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Endothermic

Where is energy transferred during photosynthesis?

From the environment to the chloroplasts by light

Which factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Temperature, Light Intensity, Carbon dioxide Concentration, Amount of Chlorophyll

What may the glucose produced in photosynthesis be used for?

used for respiration
converted into insoluble starch for storage
used to produce fat or oil for storage
used to produce cellulose, which strengthens the cell wall
used to produce amino acids for protein
synthesis

To produce proteins what do plants require?

Nitrate ions that are absorbed from the soil.

What type of reaction is respiration?

Exothermic reaction

When does cellular respiration occur?

Continuously in all living cells

What does aerobic respiration mean?

It takes place using oxygen

What does anaerobic respiration mean?

It takes place without oxygen

Which type of respiration provides more energy?

Aerobic

Why do organisms need energy?

Chemical reactions to build larger molecules, Movement and Keeping Warm

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Glucose + Oxygen makes Carbon dioxide + water

What is the symbol equation for respiration?

C6H12O6 + O2 makes CO2 + H2O

What is the balanced symbol equation for respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 makes 6CO2 + 6H2O

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

Glucose makes lactic acid

How would you describe the oxidation of glucose in anaerobic respiration?

Incomplete

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

Glucose makes Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

What do we call anaerobic respiration in yeast cells

Fermentation

What is fermentation used for?

The manufacture of bread and alcoholic drinks

What happens to the demand for energy, in the body, during exercise?

It increases

What changes occur to the body when exercising

Heart rate increases
Breathing rate increases
Breath volume increases

Why do changes occur in your body when exercising?

To supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood

If insufficient oxygen is supplied during exercise what happens?

Anaerobic respiration takes place

What does the incomplete oxidation of glucose cause a build up of?

Lactic Acid

What happens during long periods of vigorous activity?

Muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently

What is the oxygen debt?

The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid

Where is the lactic acid converted back into glucose?

The liver

How does lactic acid get from the muscles to the liver?

In the blood

What is the definition of metabolism?

The sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body

What three substances can glucose be converted into?

Starch, Glycogen and Cellulose

What is a lipid molecule made out of?

One glycerol and three fatty acids

What are amino acids made from?

Glucose and Nitrate ions

What can amino acids be used to synthesise?

Proteins

What are excess proteins broken down into?

Urea

What does respiration transfer?

Energy