Atoms and SUbatomic Particles

Atom

Basic unit of matter; building blocks of everything.

Subatomic Particle

Smaller particles that compose an atom.

Proton

Positively charged particle located in the nucleus.

Neutron

Neutral particle located in the nucleus.

Electron

Negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus.

Nucleus

Center of the atom containing protons and neutrons.

Atomic Number

Number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

Atomic Mass

Total number of protons and neutrons in nucleus.

Ionic Bonding

Atoms gain or lose electrons to form charged ions.

Covalent Bonding

Atoms share electrons to form molecules.

Mass Number

Sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Electron Cloud

Region where electrons orbit the nucleus.

Chemical Reaction

Process where atoms bond or break apart.

Neon Light

Glows due to electrons moving energy levels.

Large Hadron Collider

Device to study subatomic particles by colliding atoms.

7 Octillion

Estimated number of atoms in the human body.

Charge of Proton

+1; determines positive nature of the particle.

Charge of Neutron

0; neutral particle with no charge.

Charge of Electron

-1; responsible for negative charge of atom.

Role of Electrons

Key in chemical reactions and bonding.

Stabilizing Nucleus

Neutrons add mass and stabilize the nucleus.

Element Definition

Defined by the number of protons in nucleus.