"Chemistry" Mock 1 -atoms, elements

Lithiums react with water

Lithiums react with water

Fizzy and moves around on surface of water.

Sodium react with water

Fizzes more and moves around more on surface of water

Potassium react with water

Lilac flames , smoke produced , moves around vigorously on surface of water and more bubble released

Word equation -“Metal+ water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen”

Lithium + water —> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

Sodium + water—> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

Potassium + water—> potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

Hydrogen -Gas testing-

Using a lighted splint, then you will hear a ‘Squeaky pop’

Carbon -gas testing-

Colourless limewater turns cloudy

Oxygen -Gas testing-

Relights a glowing splint

Group 1 elements

“Alkali metals” they all have similar properties , they have one electron in their highest energy level , they all react vigorously with water to form a hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide

Explain in terms of the structure of the atoms, why does the reactivity increase as you go down in group 1?[6]

•Reactivity increases as you go down group 1 as the atom gets bigger

•As the atom gets bigger the single electron in the outermost shell is attracted less strongly to the nucleus

•This is because its further from the nucleus

•The inner shells of electrons shield it from the positive charge from the nucleus

•This makes the outer electron easier to lose due to the weak attraction

•So elements lower down group 1 are more reactive.

Why does the reactivity increase as you go up group 7? [same reason as in group 1]

As you go down the group the number of electronic shells increases

The attraction between the nucleus and the outer electrons weakens

Due to increase in distance

Nucleus is +ve(positively) charged and electrons are -ve(negatively) charger

As you go up the group it is easier to gain an electron

How many electrons are there in the outer shell for all group 1 metals?

1

What are the sub-atomic particles you will find in the nucleus of an atom?

Protons and neutrons

What is the charge of an electron

-1(negative)

What is the charge of a proton

+1(positive)

What is the charge of a neutron

0 (no charge)

What happens to the reactivity of group 1 alkali metals as you go down the group

Increases

As you go down the group what happens to the number of electronic shells

Increases

What happens to the distance between the electrons and the nucleus as you go down the group

Increases

What was the reaction like between k(potassium) with water

Lilac flames are produced, smoke is produced( hydrogen ), it moves vigorously on the surface of the water, more bubbles released

Make this into a symbol equation:

Water + lithium —> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

2H2(little 2)0 + 2Li —> 2LiOH + H2(little 2)

Make this into a symbol equation:

Water + potassium —> potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

2H2(little 2)O + 2K —> 2KOH + H2(little 2)

Water + sodium —> Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

2H2(little 2)O + 2Na —> 2NaOH + H2(little 2)

What happens when an atom loses and electron

It become a positive ion(+)

What happens when an atom gains an electron

It becomes a negative ion (-)