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What was the name for an ancient Greek city-state?
Polis
What was the name of the market place in most Greek cities?
Agora
On what hill would you find the Parthenon?
Acropolis
Who was the patron goddess of Athens?
Athena
What type of government did Athens have?
Direct democracy
What vocab term were the wealthy elite in most Greek city states?
Aristocrats
Who was the Athenian leader during the Golden Age of Athens?
Pericles
What were the dates of the Golden Age of Athens?
479-431 B.C.E
What were the two warring sides during the Persian War?
Persia and Greece.
What was the Parthenon?
A temple built on the acropolis to honor Athena. It was built on a long rectangular platform.
Where did the Greeks go to find insights about the future?
The Oracle of Delphi. It was believed that these oracles were spoken through directly by the gods.
What was the pythia?
An oracle that predicted the future. It was at the Temple of Delphi. It went into a trance and people had to interpret their obscure message.
Where did the major gods live (in Greek belief)? How many major gods were there?
12 major gods lived on top of Mt. Olympus.
How many types of Greek columns?
3
Doric column
Simple with no base, slimmer to top
Ionic
Thin with a base and scrolls carved into the top.
Corinthian
Complex with leaf carvings at the top.
What is Philosophy
Love of wisdom, and asking difficult questions like why are we here and what happens after death.
Who were some important philosophers?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Why was Socrates sentenced to death?
He was constantly asking questions, and his enemies falsely accused him of not honoring the gods and leading young people into error and disloyalty.
Describe a Greek theater
Shaped like a bowl so that everyone could hear what was said. The seats rose in a semicircle around a stage at the bottom of the bowl, and there was scenery painted on canvases that hung behind the actors.
Two important sports festivals?
Panatheanic games + Olympics
Who were the metics?
Foreign born free men and women. Could not own land or vote.
Where was Sparta’s location
A peninsula in southern Greece, the Peloponnesus.
Why was Sparta’s government an oligarchy?
the ruling power was in the hands of a few people.
Who were the helots?
People from conquered lands who were forced to live and work on their former farmland.
What were Sparta’s views on trade?
Trade was unnecessary, and they discouraged it
How did Sparta’s economy grow?
Farming and from conquests of other people.
What were some important exports from Athens?
Wine, olive oil, silver, and pottery.
What were some important imports to Athens?
Metals, furs, and grain.
What was a hoplite?
A foot soldier
What was a phalanx?
a powerful formation with hoplites working as a team.
What was a trireme?
A Greek warship
How many years did a Greek soldier prepare for battle?
23
What did a Greek soldier use for battle?
Sword, spear, shield
What could Spartan women do?
Speak with their husband’s friends, own and control property, remarry.
What could Athenian women do?
Own land, be a hetaera, and spin/weave/embroider.
What type of society was Sparta?
Militaristic
What type of society was Athens?
Democratic
What were some warring states?
Athens and Sparta
What league was Athens in?
Delian league
What league was Sparta in?
Peloponnesian league
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Flashcard (46)