test 2 study guide

Passive Immunity

Transfer of antibodies from mother to child or injection of human gamma globulin.

Active Immunity

Natural contact with infection to develop immunity.

Mast Cells

Derived from basophils, store histamine.

B Cells

Produce antibodies.

T Cells

Include helper and cytotoxic cells.

Autoimmunity

Body attacks itself.

Cyclosporine

helps slow down system to not reject transplant, Adverse effects, KIDNEY DAMAGE and GRAPEFRUIT

Lymphadenopathy

swelling of nodes secondary to autoimmune disease

Alloimmunity

Body rejects transplants.

Histamine

Released in response to antigens, causes vasodilation and allergic symptoms.

Anaphylaxis

Severe allergic reaction with hypotension, bronchospasm, and laryngeal edema.

Antihistamines

Medications that block histamine receptors.

Antihistamines first gen

Benadryl, cause anticholinergic effects or drying of mucous membranes. DRY MOUTH, give before

antihistamine 2nd gen

does not cross the BBB much less sedation

TB test

if positive if >15 induration in low risk

in immune comprimed reactions are >5 are positive

Transmission is more likely when

viral load is high

Viremia

large viral levels in blood for 2-3 weeks

Vancomyacin what is it and considerations

used for serious infections such as C diff and MRSA can get red mans syndrome so you need to administer IV drug slowly over 60-90 min

Angioedema

Swelling of deeper layers of skin.

Immunosuppression

Concerns include increased infection risk.

HIV/AIDS

HIV targets T cells, leading to AIDS with severe immune suppression.

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)

Treatment for HIV to reduce viral load.

Penicillin Nursing Implications

Administer IM or IV without mixing other drugs.

Vancomycin

Used for serious infections, administer slowly to prevent Red Man Syndrome.

Muscarinic Functions

Contraction of ciliary eye muscles, decreased heart rate, and sweating

Atropine/muscarinic antagoist

Muscarinic antagonist, dries secretions.

Muscarinic Agonist: Bethanechol considerations

take on empty stomach, treat overdose with atropine, increasing pee, rest and digest: wet response cause bradycardia

Epinephrine

Activates all adrenergic receptors.

Beta 2 Agonist

Albuterol, used for asthma, causes bronchiole dilation.