AP European History Ch 22 Reading Guide - Ideologies and Upheavals

What was the political challenge for leaders in 1814?

to construct a settlement that would last and not sow the seeds of another war

a) what did the “victorious powers” not foment:

a spirit of injustice and revenge in the defeated country

The Carlsbad Decrees required the German states to

root out subversive ideas in their universities and newspapers

Why was the idea of national “self-determination” [nationalism] repellent to Metternich

it threatened to destroy the Austrian Empire and revolutionize Central Europe

What were the two basic principles of “laissez faire”

unrestricted private expertise & no government interference in the economy

What did Johann Gottfried von Herder argue for?

each people had its own genius and its own cultural unity

a) who did von Herder influence

early advocates of the “national idea” or nationalism

Why were the early French socialist thinkers disturbed by the rise of laissez faire and the emergency of modern industry in Britain

they saw these developments as fomenting selfish individualism and splitting the community isolated into fragments

According to socialist thinker, Pierre Joseph Proudhon, was what property:

profit that was stolen from the worker, who was the source of all wealth