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hamartia
protagonists fatal flaw
foil
a character that contrasts with another
dynamic
character makes a sustained change
static
character waves through change, but they remain the same
flat
character that is not complex
round
character that is complex
allegory
a set of symbols
alliteration
repetition of any beginning word sounds, used to create euphony and to tie ideas together
assonance
repetition of sounds of vowels in the middle or ends of words (euphony)
asyndeton
absence of a conjunction, unease and fragmentation
linear narrative
chronological sequence
reverse chronology
story from the end to the beginning
nonlinear narrative
flash forwards and flashbacks
fragmented narrative
nonlinear but with no grounding chronological byline
3rd person limited
knowing the thoughts and feelings of one character
3rd person omniscient
knowing the thoughts and feelings of all characters
3rd person objective
knowing no thoughts and feelings of characters
diction
an authors or speakers specific word choice that illicits emotion thats not necessarily positive or negative
illusion
implied or direct reference to a text, movie, history, mythology, or religion
catharsis
the moment when the tension is resolved
cacophony
a blend of harsh negative sounds
aposiopesis
when the speaker cuts themselves off
apostrophe
directly addressing something that cant address them back
deus ex machina
something that seems impossible is suddenly solved illogically, plot convenience
anachronism
a detail out of time
trochaic
stress on the first syllable of a word
iambic
stress on the second syllable of a word
peripeteia
reversal in a characters fortune
polysyndeton
the use of repeated conjunctions (snowball effect)
anapestic
3 syllables, u-u-s
dactylic
3 syllables, s-u-u
regular/perfect rhyme
rhymes with the exact ending sound
slant rhymes
words with similar syllable sounds but one vowel or consonant is different
soliloquy
one character on stage not addressing another character
monologue
one character with others addressing other characters
aside
a character discussing another character to someone that everyone but the character being discussed can hear
stream of consciousness
exposition that mirrors thinking
auditory
the way something sounds
olfactory
the way something smells
gustatory
the way something tastes
tactile
the way something feels
organic
personal experiences of a characters body
synesthesia
experiencing one sense through another
connotation
implicit meanings
denotation
explicit meaning, the literal definition
metaphor
figurative comparison
synecdoche
part stands in for the whole
metonym
substitution
onomatopoeia
words imitating sounds
oxymoron
figurative speech that combines two contrasting things
paradox
oxymoron in an ironic phrase
hyperbole
exaggeration to highlight somethings intensity
understatement
minimizing to highlight somethings intensity
couplet
rhyming end, two lines at the end of a sonnet or its own stanza
epigraph
quoted material at the beginning of a piece, prefigures something thematic
ellipsis
temporal gap in the narrative
enjambment
when the line of a poem doesnt end with punctuation, opposite is end-stopped
exposition
lack of dialogue, narrative before inciting incident
foreshadowing
hinting future events before they happen
caesura
unnatural stopping in the middle of a line
bildungsromen
coming of age story
motif
repetition of an idea or image
simile
comparing two things using like or as that only share one quality
symbol
a concrete thing that represents something abstract
mood
readers feeling created by the details in the text
tone
the speaker, author, narrator, character’s attitude towards something for some reason
sonnets
14 lines
shakespearean sonnet
rhyming last two lines, vulta after 12th line, intiates ABAB, maybe a shift after the 8th line
petrarchan sonnet
no rhyming couplet, vulta after 8th line, ABBA
vulta
shift in a sonnet
Streetcar
Tennesee Williams
TEWWG
Zora Neal Hurston
Doubt
John Patrick Stanley
Gatsby
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Fences
August Wilson
freytags pyramid
exposition-inciting incident-rising action-climax-catharsis-denouement
refrain
an entire line (or more) that is repeated
style
combination of diction and syntax
physical distance
how far away in space the narrator is
temporal distance
how far away in time the narrator is in relation to the story
relational distance
relationship between narrator and protagonist
emotional distance
how much the narrator cares about the protagonist
outside observer
knows the protagonist, far emotional or relational distance, not in the story
observational
character in the story, but not the main character
Note 
Flashcard (24)