learning and motivation chapter 8

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33 Terms

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Extinction

: nonreinforcement of a previously reinforced response, the result of which is a decrease in the strength of the response.

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Resurgence

: reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcement.

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Procedure

: nonreinforcement of a previously reinforced response.

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Resistance

to extinction: responding persists after an extinction procedure has been implemented.

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Spontaneous recovery

: reappearance of an extinguished response following a rest period after extinction.

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Discrimination training

: involves reinforcement of responding in the presence of one stimulus and not another stimulus.

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Generalization gradient

: graphic description of the strength of responding in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the sd and that vary along a continuum.

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Degree of deprivation

: greater the level of deprivation, the greater the resistance to extinction.

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Stimulus control

: presence of a discriminative stimulus reliably affects the probability of the behavior.

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History of reinforcement

: the more reinforcers an individual has received for a behavior, the greater the resistance to extinction.

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Extinction burst

: temporary increase in frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented.

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extinction

nonreinforcement of a previously reinforced response, the result of which is a decrease in the strength of the response

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procedure

nonreinforcement of a previously reinforced response

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process

resultant decrease in response strength

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extinction burst

temporary increase in frequency and intensity of responding when extinction is first implemented

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emotional behavior

frustration

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resurgence

reappearance during extinction of other behaviors that had once been effective in obtaining reinforcement

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resistance to extinction

responding persists after an extinction procedure has been implemented

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history of reinforcement

the more reinforcers an individual has received for a behavior, the greater the resistance to extinction

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magnitude of reinforcer

large-magnitude reinforcers result in greater resistance to extinction than small-magnitude reinforcers

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degree of deprivation

greater the level of deprivation, the greater the resistance to extinction

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previous experience with extinction

when sessions of extinction are alternated with sessions of reinforcement, the greater the number of prior exposures to extinction, the quicker the behavior will extinguish during subsequent exposures

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distinctive signal for extinction

extinction is greatly facilitated when there is a distinctive stimulus that signals the onset of extinction

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spontaneous recovery

reappearance of an extinguished response following a rest period after extinction

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differential reinforcement of other behavior

extinguishing the target behavior and reinforcement the occurrence of a replacement behavior

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ex

functional communication training with jonah from tiktok

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stimulus control

presence of a discriminative stimulus reliably affects the probability of the behavior

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stimulus generalization

tendency for an operant response to be emitted in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to the responding stimulus

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generalization gradient

graphic description of the strength of responding in the presence of stimuli that are similar to the sd and that vary along a continuum

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stimulus discrimination

tendency for an operant response to be emitted more in the presence of one stimulus than another

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discrimination training

involves reinforcement of responding in the presence of one stimulus and not another stimulus

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discriminative stimulus for extinction

stimulus that signals the absence of reinforcement

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peak shift effect

peak of a generalization gradient following discrimination training will shift from the sd to a stimulus that is further removed from the striangle