Unit 9: Period 9: 1980-Present

Personal responsibility and Work Opportunity Act

set curves on immigrants increased minimum wage, and balance the budget.

Bush

left a lasting impact on courts by appointing conservatives.

Reagan

supported right- wing dictators to keep out communism.

Budget gridlock

provided China with more opportunities to project growing power.

EPA

had authority under Clean Air Act to regulate carbon dioxide + other greenhouse gases.

Affirmative action

refers to policies that aim to increase the representation of historically disadvantaged groups in areas such as employment, education, and politics.

Coalition of United Nations

President Bush built a(n) ________ members to pressure Husain to withdraw from Kuwait.

International Monetary Fund

made loans + supervised economic policies of poorer nations with debt.

9/11

Terrorists hijacked four commercial airplanes and flew them into the Twin Towers of WTC in New York City, the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania.

USA PATRIOT Act

expanded the govs surveillance powers, allowing for increased monitoring of communication and financial transactions in an effort to prevent future terrorist attacks.

Covid 19

first identified in China + affected the whole world and increased job unemployment + quarantines

Clinton

won with 43 % of the popular vote and 370 electoral votes.

TARP

provided $ 700 billion to troubled banks to bail out banks that were perceived "too big to fail "to prevent financial collapse.

President Bill Clinton

won a second term in office, defeating Republican nominee Bob Dole.

Boris Yeltsin

struggled to reform its economy and fight rampant corruption.

Supply side economics

tax cuts and reduced gov spending would increase investment by the private sector.

Hillary Clinton

ran as the Democratic nominee, becoming the first woman to be nominated for president by a major political party.

deep polarization

The impeachment and acquittal were controversial and divisive, highlighting the ________ and partisanship in American politics.

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

controversial from the start, with critics arguing that it represented government overreach and would lead to higher healthcare costs.

Citizens United v Federal Election Commission

ruled that the First Amendment prohibits the government from restricting independent political expenditures by corporations and unions.

tax overhaul

lowered corporate and individual tax rates, a repeal of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate, and an immigration policy that sought to end the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program and increase border security.

Obama

campaigned on a platform of continued progress and change, while Romney emphasized his business experience and criticized Obama handling of the economy + overturned many actions of the Bush Administration

Economic Recovery Tax Act (1981)

included 25% decrease in personal income taxes

Clarence Thomas

  to replace Thurgood Marshall became controversial as sexual harassment issue angered African Americans and women

Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

  prohibited discrimination against citizens with physical and mental disabilities

27th Amendment

prohibited members of Congress from raising their own salaries

USA PATRIOT Act (2001)

expanded the govs surveillance powers, allowing for increased monitoring of communication and financial transactions in an effort to prevent future terrorist attacks

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

unprecedented action to stimulate the economy + measures to modernize our nation's energy and communication infrastructure and enhance energy independence

Arizona v. US

federal immigration law pre-empts most of states anti-immigration law

King v. Burwell

healthcare could be used in states that did not have their own health insurance exchanges