Constitution Test Review

tiny.cc/billtoalaw (Bill to a Law Flashcards) | tiny.cc/checksandbalances (Checks and Balances)

Treaty of Paris

The treaty that officially ended the American Revolutionary War

Articles of Confederation

The first government of the United States with a weak federal government.

Three-Fifths Compromise

An agreement between the states that said for every five slaves, three counted towards a state’s population

Checks and Balances

a system by which each branch of government limits the power of the other branches

Separation of Powers

a principle by which powers are divided among different branches of government to make sure no one branch has too much power

Bill

an idea of a proposed law

Veto

a temporary rejection of a proposed law by the President

Montesquieu

original source of the theory of separation of powers

Federalist

a person who is for and supports the Constitution

Anti-Federalist

a person who is against the Constitution

Amendment

a change or addition made to improve a piece of legislation

Ratification (ratified)

the action of signing to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

Isolationism

a policy of remaining apart from the political affairs of other countries

Who suggested Isolationism first?

George Washington

Monroe Doctrine

a U.S foreign policy that opposes European colonialism and intervention in the Western Hemisphere, proclaiming it a separate sphere of influence

Roosevelt Corollary

an addition to the Monroe Doctrine stating the U.S would intervene in Latin American countries to prevent European intervention, particularly to ensure the stability of the region and the payment of debts.

Gunboat Diplomacy

a foreign policy that is supported by the use or threat of military force

How long can a president serve?

Two four-year terms at most, 8 years in total

How many judges in the Supreme Court?

9 in total

How long can S.C. judges remain a judge?

Can remain a lifetime, unless they resign, retire, or get impeached

Why was Roosevelt’s Pearl Harbor speech important in showing the Separation of Powers?

It highlighted the Executive branch’s role in initiating the request for war, contrasted with Congress’s exclusive constitutional power to formally declare it.

Constitution

the principles and laws of a nation

What were weaknessess of the Articles of Confederations?

Congress could pass laws but lacked the power to enforce them, had to depend on the states to enforce the laws, the federal government had to rely on state contributions to support them, and it was nearly impossible to make changes/amendments.

What were the jobs of the Executive Branch?

to enforce the laws made by Congress, to wage war, to negotiate treaties, and to appoint many government officials

What was the job of the Judicial Branch?

to interpret the laws made by Congress and the Exec. Branch

What was the job of the Legislative Branch? (Congress)

to make the laws, make taxes, raise an army, coin money, and declare war

What is the strongest branch of government?

Legislative Branch (Congress)

What is the weakest branch of government?

Judicial Branch

How many people are in the Senate? How many by state?

100 people, 2 per state no matter the size

How many Senators does KY have?

KY has 2 Senators

What plan was the Senate made from?

The New Jersey Plan

How many people are in the House of Representatives?

435 people

How is the number of representatives in the H.o.R per state determined?

1 rep. for every 760,000 people

How many representatives does KY have?

KY has 6 representatives

How often are elections held for the Senate?

Every 6 years

How often are elections for the House of Representatives?

Every 2 years

What plan was the H.o.R made from?

The Virginia Plan

What/who is the head of the Judicial Branch?

The Supreme Court

What is the First Amendment?

People have freedom of religion, of speech, and of the press. They have the right to gather in a peaceful way. (free speech)

What is the Second Amendment?

People have the right to bear arms.

What is the Third Amendment?

The government cannot force people to keep soldiers in their homes (Quartering Act).

What is the Fourth Amendment?

The government cannot unreasonably search people or their property.

What is the Fifth Amendment?

(G.D.S.D.P)

People cannot be tried for a federal crime unless a grand jury agrees there is enough evidence. People cannot be tried twice for the same crime. People cannot be made to testify against themselves. People cannot be punished without due process of law. The government cannot take private property for public use without fair payment (Eminent Domain).

What is the Sixth Amendment?

People accused of a crime have the right to a speedy and public trial and also have the right to be represented by a lawyer.

Imperialism

a system in which a foreign power exerts cultural, economic, or political influence over other societies. A form of imperialism is colonialism

What type of government did the Americans want after the Revolutionary War?

A government that couldn’t do much, but still has power