anat 100 block 1

In knee extension the patella sits anterior to the distal end of what bone?

a. tibia
b. fibula
c. femur
d. ulna

c. femur

The lateral condyle of the femur is analogous to what bony feature of the humerus?

a. coronoid fossa
b. trochlea
c. radial fossa
d. capitulum

d. capitulum

Which of the following muscles only compresses the abdomen?
a. Rectus abdominis
b. diaphragm
c. internal intercostal
d. transverse abdominis

d. transverse abdominis

Which of the following defines "superficial"?
a. Toward the end of an appendage
b. close to the attachment of the appendage to the trunk
c. on the inside
d. on the outside

d. on the outside

These muscles elevate the ribs and facilitate inhalation 

External intercostals

Which structure is located immediately lateral to the foramen magnum?
a. occipital condyles
b. styloid process
c. external ear
d. mastoid process

a. occipital condyles

What is the smiling muscle?
a. zygomaticus
b. platysma
c. orbicularis iris
d. frontalis

a. zygomaticus

What is the sacrolemma of a skeletal muscle fiber?
a. nucleus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. cell membrane
d. cytoplasma

c. cell membrane

Which of the basic tissues is avascular (lacks blood vessels)?
a. muscle tissue
b. epithelial tissue
c. nervous tissue
d. connective tissue

b. epithelial tissue

The external oblique muscle fibers run the same way as the
a. internal intercostals
b. external intercostals
c. transversus abdominis
d. innermost intercostals

b. external intercostals

Which bones are separated by the coronal structure?
a. occipital and temporal
b. frontal and parietal
c. parietal and parietal
d. occipital and parietal

b. frontal and parietal

Which best describes the anatomical position?
a. palms are facing backward
b. bosy is prone
c. feet are flat on the floor
d. thumbs point towards the body

c. feet are flat on the floor

What is the most common type of cartilage?
a. ligamentous
b. elastic
c. hyaline
d. fibrocartilage

c. hyaline

When a sarcomere contracts which of the following bands get smaller?

a. M
b. I
c. Z
d. A

b. I

Muscle fibers do not cross the anterior middle region of the body wall because of the presence of the
a. skin
b. tendinous inscriptions
c. rectus sheath
d. linea alba

d. linea alba

What connective tissue component forms the structural framework of the spleen and liver?
a. ground substance
b. elastic fibers
c. reticular fibers
d. collagen fibers

c. reticular fibers

Pads between the spinal vertebrae consist of what kind of structural material?
a. dense regular connective tissue
b. elastic cartilage
c. dense irregular connective tissue
d. fibrocartilage

d. fibrocartilage

Considering the microscopic anatomy of muscle explain the role of the "A" band in the production of tension in a skeletal muscle?

How many pieces of floating ribs are there?
a. 4
b. 3
c. 2
d. 1

c. 2

Which of the following cells is NOT a fixed cell of connective tissue?
a. adipocyte
b. mast
c. mesenchymal
d. fibroblast

b. mast

Many injuries to the ligaments of the knee occur when the foot is planted (ie. on the ground) with the leg extended rather than flexed. What anatomical facts would account for this?

Tendonitis is the irritation and inflammation of connective tissue surrounding a tendon. Explain how a tendon functions and how this condition might affect the function of a tendon?

-Tendons are bands of fibrous connective tissue that attach bones and muscles
-Less mobile site of attachment is the origin and more mobile site of attachment is the insertion
-When muscles contract to move bone

The secondary curvatures of the vertebral column develop months after birth and with their development they shift the weight of the trunk over the legs. How is this shift in center of gravity achieved?

-The secondary curvatures develop as an individual grows and begins moving
-The cervical curve develops once an individual is able to hold up their head and further develops once they are able to sit straight
-The lumbar curve develops when the child begins walking and supporting their body weight completely
-At this point center of gravity is shifted over the pelvis

Which muscles help with the initial breakdown of food?
a. muscles of facial expression
b. muscles of mastication
c. muscles that move the tongue
d. muscles of the pharynx

b. muscles of mastication

An athlete is most likely to sprain their ankle through which movement?
a. flexion
b. extension
c. eversion
d. inversion

d. inversion

What is the letter associated with the dark bands in a sarcomere?
a. A
b. Z
c. H
d. I

a. A

In one limb how many more carpal bones are there than tarsal bones?
a. 1
b. 0
c. 3
d. 2

a. 1

Which muscle forms the traditional "six-pack" of a well-toned abdominal wall?
a. external oblige
b. internal oblique
c. transversus abdominus
d. rectus abdominis

d. rectus abdominus

Pronation is accomplished at the
a. shoulder
b. radius and ulna
c. elbow
d. wrist

b. radius and ulna

Subcutaneous fat (the fatty layer just beneath the skin) is also known as
a. the lamina propriea
b. reticular tissue
c. adipose tissue
d. mesenchyme

c. adipose tissue

A ___ plane cuts perpendicularly along the long axis of the body or organ
a. coronal
b. transverse
c. frontal
d. sagittal

b. transverse

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium would be found lining
a. portions of the respiratory system
b. ducts of sweat glands
c. large kidney tubules
d. the larger vessels

a. portions of the respiratory system

The neurons that stimulate muscle contraction are called ___ neurons
a. contractile
b. sensory
c. association
d. motor

d. motor

Occasionally the sternocleidomastoid muscle on one side of the neck is injured when a baby's head is pulled excessively during a difficult birth, tearing its fibers. Explain the consequences of this injury

All connective tissues have three features in common. They are
a. cells, protein fibers, and mucus
b. cells, a liquid portion, and protein fibers
c. cells, protein fibers, and ground substance
d. protein fibers, a liquid portion, and ground substance

c. cells, protein fibers, and ground substance

Muscle fiber contraction results from
a. the sarcomere relaxes and expands
b. Interaction of the thick and thin filaments in each sarcomere
c. inflation of the muscle fibers with blood
d. release of tension from the thick and thin filaments

b. interaction of the thick and thin filaments in each sarcomere

Which type of connective tissue is found in the deep portion of the dermis providing strength to the skin?
a. cartilage
b. adipose
c. areolar
d. dense irregular

d. dense irregular

which feature is NOT characteristic of epithelial tissue?
a. large amount of extracellular matrix
b. cells connected to each other by intercellular junctions
c. attachment to a basement membrane
d. high regeneration capacity

a. large amount of extracellular matrix

Which of the following are functions of synovial fluid?
a. nutrition for the cartilage within a joint
b. more than one of these answers
c. prevention of infection within a joint
d. lubrication of joint structure

b. more than one of these answers

A thoracic vertebra is an example of what type of bone
a. flat
b. irregular
c. long
d. sesamoid

b. irregular

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found lining each of these locations EXCEPT the
a. vagina
b. small intestine
c. esophagus
d. oral cavity

b. small intestine

The special movement of the thumb that permits a person to hold a pencil is
a. opposition
b. gliding
c. protraction
d. depression

a. opposition

The most important facial muscle used in kissing is the
a. orbicularis oris
b. platysma
c. buccinator
d. masseter

a. obicularis oris

Bone is hard and rigid because of the presence of
a. bone cells
b. inorganic salts
c. fibers
d. collagen

b. inorganic salts

From outside to inside what is the correct order of the layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle?
a. epimysium, endomysium, and perimysium
b. perimysium, epimysium, and endomysium
c. endomysium, perimysium, and endomysium
d. epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

d. epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium