Colonial Latin America and Independence Movements

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the lecture on Colonial Latin America, focusing on the history leading to independence and the impacts of various movements.

Spanish Empire

The extensive empire controlled by Spain, which lasted over 300 years, encompassing large parts of the Americas.

Tupac Amaru II

A leader of an indigenous uprising against Spanish rule in Peru, symbolizing resistance to colonial authority.

Viceroyalty

Administrative divisions within the Spanish Empire, led by a viceroy who acted on behalf of the Spanish Crown.

Caudillo

An unelected regional leader in Latin America, often controlling power through feudal-like relationships.

Simón Bolívar

A Venezuelan military and political leader who played a key role in Latin America's independence from Spanish rule.

Haitian Revolution

A successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection that resulted in Haiti's independence from France in 1804.

Nationalism

A political ideology centered around the interests of a particular nation, often leading to the pursuit of national independence.

Creole Elite

Social class comprised of people of Spanish descent born in the Americas who sought political power and independence.

Independence Movements

Revolts and struggles by various Latin American nations to gain independence from colonial rule, starting in the early 19th century.

Fragmentation of States

The division and lack of unity among newly independent countries in Latin America, often due to geographical and social disparities.