Intelligence Testing

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to intelligence testing, including definitions of intelligence, historical scales, and theories of intelligence.

Intelligence

A difficult and controversial construct to define, known by its effects rather than a concrete basis.

Binet Scales

Intelligence scales developed by Binet and Simon to assess judgment, reasoning, and understanding.

Wechsler Scales

Intelligence scales that focus on the ability to think rationally and deal effectively with the environment, including motivation and goals.

g Factor

A general factor of intelligence common to all types of intellectual activity, as proposed by Spearman.

Sternberg’s Successful Intelligence

The ability to achieve success in life based on personal standards and sociocultural context, emphasizing fit with the environment.

Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities

A theory that identifies seven separate and specific abilities of intelligence, including verbal comprehension and numerical ability.

Fluid Intelligence

Innate intelligence that enables a person to solve new problems and perceive relations, independent of education and culture.

Crystallized Intelligence

Learned intelligence that accumulates knowledge from exposure to the environment and life lessons.

The Flynn Effect

The observed rise in intelligence test scores over time in the general population, now potentially reversing in recent generations.

Giftedness

Defined as having a Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) over 130, representing exceptional intelligence.

Low IQ

Scores below 70 on IQ tests, often indicating intellectual disability when combined with low functional behavior.

Socioeconomic Status (SES)

Defined primarily by parental income, showing a bidirectional link to IQ.

Heritability of IQ

The extent to which genetic factors contribute to variations in IQ scores, with evidence from twin studies.

High Stakes Testing

Standardized tests that have significant consequences for students and educational systems.