Rizal’s Legacy for the 21st Century: Progressive Education, Social Entrepreneurship and Community Development

Floro Quibuyen

Rizal’s Legacy for the 21st Century: Progressive Education, Social Entrepreneurship and Community Development

Dapitan, Zamboanga Del Norte 

Town Fiesta 

• at __________

• Fireworks were believed to drive away demons and bring joy and prosperity

July 24, 1892

an accident involving firecrackers caused injury to a man, drawing a significant response

Dr. Jose Rizal

____’s Arrival

• Unknown doctor emerged from Casa Real to attend the injured man

• Within a year, he gained immense respect at town

Wenceslao Retana

• 1907 biography - Vida y Escritos del Dr. Jose Rizal

• Highlights Rizal’s extraordinary status from locals

July 31, 1896

- Rizal prepared to leave Dapitan for the last time (townspeople, loyal students)

punishing and isolating a subversive threat 

Spanish authorities exiled Rizal to Dapitan under the assumption that they were _____

european-educated polymath

Rizal - _____ at 31, an opponent of the colonial state and the church

radical vision

Contrary to the Spanish expectations, Rizal used his time in Dapitan to transform the town according to his ____ for human development and social justice.

La Liga Filipina

mass -based organization that would pursue a five point program of social transformation 

1. Uniting the archipelago into a cohesive body.

2. Providing mutual protection in times of trouble.

3. Defending against violence and injustice.

4. Developing education, agriculture, and commerce.

5. Study and Implementing reforms.

study and implementing reforms

Post-colonial Filipinos misconstrued the fifth aim of the Liga -> Estudio y aplicacio de reformas

Reformas

radical changes that will redound to the benefit of the people and lead to the development of the country independent of Spain 

sacred mission

means formation of filipino nation 

Progressive education

Anti-ureaucratic and democratic principles

also known as alternative school movement

progressive movement and free school movement

division of progressive education

Talisay School

• Education not confined within classroom, child learn best if encouraged to discover and explore surroundings 

• Viewed as “educational web”

Ivan Ilich

• leading light in the free school movement, has advocated the creation of “educational webs which heighten the opportunity for each one to transform each moment of his living into one of learning, sharing and caring”.

Emile

• nominally a novel but actually Rousseau’s treatise on education, is addressed to mothers—advising them on how best to nurture their children to grow to their fullest potential and learn to become self-realizing individuals.

• remains as fresh today as when it was published in 1762.

Capt. Ricardo Carnicero

Arrival in Dapitan

• Live with the governor and military commandant, ____.

Dipolog

He later bought a lottery ticket with carnicero and another spaniard from ___. He won a lottery prize

Bauno

• Bought a 16 hectare land - no talisay trees in Talisay so Rizal named it Baluno or __ (large trees) 

40

lottery → __ php Clear land, built house, clinic and school for boys (March 7, 1893)

Talisay

• a coastal barro off the Dapitan poblacion named after the talisay, a large deciduous tree usually found along Philippine seahorses 

Ferdinand Blumentritt

Austrian ethnologist - director - science and history Rizal

practical instruction in subjects, hands-on activities, direct engagement teaching

Rizal’s lifestyle in Talisay involved a blend of teaching, farming, and medical practice. His innovative educational methods include

Retana

• Account of Rizal’s role as a teach is appreciative 

• Faulted for its strange reference to abandoned children

Estanislao Herbosa

the great grandfather of the Philippines’ current Undersecretary of Health,

Josephine Bracken

_____ was left in charge of his students and she would see to it that they finished their homework.

George Aseniero

• grandson of Rizal’s star pupil, Jose Aseniero (who became governor of the province of Zamboanga)

• also learned that Rizal’s Talisay school was both a primary and secondary school

nephews

Rizal served as both a teacher and surrogate father to his ____

two primary groups of students:

High School Boys: Those who were 16 years old by 1896, including Rizal's grandfather (referred to as "lolo").

Elementary Kids: Primarily Rizal's nephews, who were sent to him for guardianship due to family turmoil in Luzon.

cholera

Herbosa Family: The Herbosa children had lost their father to ____. Rizal became their surrogate father.

Josephine

Maria had divorced, leading to her son, Moris, needing a surrogate father. ____, Rizal’s partner, acted as the surrogate mother and was adored by the nephews.

German high school system

The older boys' curriculum was modeled on the _____, which Rizal idealized.

• The aim was for these boys to pursue higher education and later become the core group of teachers for a future educational institution Rizal planned with Blumentritt.

Medicine, Law, Agriculture, Engineering (one being Rizal’s grandfather)

four boys taken to manila to study these fields

Tedosio

Preferred working the land over studying.

Tan

 Enjoyed studying and showed ability in academics.

Moris

Just beginning to learn writing and was lively and playful.

Osio

• Excelled in slow reckoning, and Tanis showed agility in swimming and weightlifting.

Asuncion Lopez Bantug

• Rizal’s grandniece, portrays Rizal’s resourcefulness, casual teaching style, and method of assessing and rewarding the progress of his students:

square house or a kiosko

• Lessons were held in a ____ on a hillside. Teaching often occurred while Rizal was lounging in a hammock, with students sitting around him in various comfortable positions.

rifle

• Older Boys: Taught ___ use and went hunting with Rizal.

Explored natural environments

• Younger Boys: ____to collect specimens, providing practical lessons in botany and zoology.

La Sibila Cumana

Rizal created a fortune-telling board game called ____, which involved spinning a top to answer questions from a list.

The Mother’s Revenge

In 1894, students secretly went to town, leading to the death of a puppy. Rizal did not reprimand them harshly but instead created a statue titled “________” to impart a moral lesson about grief and responsibility.

Himno A Talisay

• Wrote in 1895, dedicated to pupils meant to be sung by them 

• Used by Spanish authorities as evidence against rizal in his 1896 trial for treason

Nick Joaquin

very thrust of the new school of Talisay was subversive of the colonial educational system.

Pedagogical Approach

Inquiry based than memorization

curriculum of talisay

sciences and math, history and languages, religion, practical skills

Moro raids

• Charges of Subversion: evidence of training for revolutionary action.

• Rizal's Defense: Claimed he was preparing his pupils to defend Dapitan from ___.

Spanish commandant and Jesuit priest

Two colonial authorities in district of Dapitan in 1892

park, hospital, water system

public works of Rizal

500

Englishman charged ___ duros for removal of cataract -> public lighting

Clay pipeline

Designed and built the town's first water system.

• _____ that delivered springwater and people came in bancas to get drinking water

Cameron

- engineer; Dapitan water system inspection

Social Entrepreneurship

Innovative business activity aimed principally at benefiting and transforming the community in which it is undertaken.

social benefit 

Martin and Osberg:anticipates nor organizes to create substantial financial profit for his or her investors; aims for value in the form of large-scale, targets underserved -> _____

Sociedad de Agricultores Dapitanos

• First farmers’ cooperative where capital was to be provided by socios industrialies (industrial partners) and socios accionistas (shareholders) 

• Aimed to improve or promote agri products, better profits and provide capital.

Construction and operation of lime burner

• Making building mortar

• Joint venture with certain carreo, spanish businessman 

• Rizal: capital; carreo: mobilize and supervise

sakag

fish in dapitan that catches little fish size of taliasa

brickmaking

built an oven because of ____; 6k a day

Carnicero and sitges

public works

sanchez and jesuit brothers

waterworks

Proto-Utopian

 Envisioned a community free from oppressive colonial forces, where his family could live peacefully.

January 15

settle down

dalag

mudfish

pako

ferns

roles in dapitan (4 years)

Worker, Farmer, Social entrepreneur, Public works engineer, Town planner, School founder, Teacher, Scientist

Paolo Freire

source - enable marginalizd into mainstream (comm based educ)

Philippine Centennial Commission

Allocated 35 million pesos for Dapitan shrine in 1998

• Built boardwalks and monuments without consulting locals

• Funds vanished with no substantial revival of Rizal’s legacy

time banks

• community solution community members exchange services based on time

  • Similar to indigenous practices like narayan banjar in Bali (work for common good) and bayanihan in the Philippines

batarisan

Rizal's Projects: Likely involved cooperative labor (___)

community

• comes from latin word munus, means gift and cum means together