Alexander Hernandez Chapter 8 Endocrinology

Pituitary gland

in brain

thyroid gland

in throat

parathyroid gland

on thyroid gland (4 little sacs)

adrenal gland

on kidney

Pancreas

regulates insulin

Testes

male sex gland testosterone

ovaries

female sex gland estrogen

thyroxin

increase metabolic reactions associated with energy

calcitonin

lowers blood calcium and phosphate levels

synthroid

medication for cretinism

hypothryoidism

too much thyroxin

cretinism

not enough thyroxin

hyperthyroidism

cretinism

parathyroid hormone

increases blood calcium levels

hypocalcemia

osteoporosis

adrenal medulla

adrenalin

adrenal cortex

aldosterone

adrenalin

epinephrine

aldosterone

kidneys retain salt and water and excrete potassium into the urine

cortisol

raises blood sugar levels

addisons disease

not enough cortisol

cushing’s disease

too much cortisol

insulin

regulates blood sugar

glucagon

what glucose is converted into in the blood

diabetes mellitus

insulin def.

glycogenesis

turning glucose into glucagon

glycogenolysis

glucagon back into glucose

testasterone

masculinizing hormone

estrogen

feminizing hormone

progesterone

increases vascularization of uterus

human chronic gonadotropin

maintain vascularized uterus during pregnancy

placenta

makes HCG

gestation

pregnency

what are the two parts of the pituitary gland

posterior and anterior

what two hormones are made by the posterior pituitary gland

ADH and oxytocin

ADH

causes kidneys to retain water & secrete small values of urine

oxytocin

stimulates labor contractions and milk let down during nursing

pitocin

synthetic oxytocin

what are the five hormones made by the anterior pituitary gland

TSH ACTH FSH LH GH and prolactin

TSH

stimulates thyroid to secrete thyroxin

ACTH

stimulates cortisol from adrenal cortex

FSH

gonads get gametes and sex hormones

LH

gonads get gametes and sex hormones

GH

makes you bigger esp skeleton

prolactin

mammary make milk

gonad

sex organ

tropic

affects other gland

adena

gland