Dissociative, OCD and Related, Schizophernia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders

Dissociative Disorders

Disruption of and/or discontinuity in normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control and behavior.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Causes - Trauma or abuse in childhood

Symptoms - Presence of two or more distinct personality states or an experience of possession and recurrent period of amnesia.
Derealization - sense that this is not really happening
Depersonalization - this is not happening to me

Treatment - Hypnosis, free association

Derealization

Sense that this is not really happening

Depersonalization

This is not happening to me

Dissociative amnesia (fugue)

Causes - Trauma or abuse in childhood

Symptoms - Inability to recall autobiographical information such as an event or period of time, specific aspect of an vent of identity and life history; may involve purposeful travel or bewildered wandering (fugue).

Treatment - Hypnosis, free association

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Related Disorders

Acts individuals feel compelled to perform in response to obsessions or according to rules that must be followed rigidly.

OCD - Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Causes - Maladaptive thinking, learned associations, biological and genetic factors

Symptoms - Recurrent and persistent thoughts that are intrusive (obsessions) followed by repetitive behaviors or mental acts the individual feels driven to perform (compulsions).

Treatment - Cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, drug therapy

BDD - Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Causes - Maladaptive thinking, learned associations, biological and genetic factors

Symptoms - Obsessive thoughts about bodily defects/compelled to change them

Treatment - Cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, drug therapy

Hoarding

Causes - Maladaptive thinking, learned associations, biological and genetic factors

Symptoms - The need to save possessions regardless of the value

Treatments - Cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, drug therapy

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking/speech, disorganized or abnormal motor behavior, and negative symptoms

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Causes - Biological: dopamine hypothesis, biological predisposition with environmental stressors

Symptoms - Lasts for six months and includes at least one month of active phase symptoms (symptoms can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, trouble with thinking and lack of motivation)
Positive Symptoms - something that a person with schizophrenia has that a typical person does not
Negative Symptoms - something that typical people do have that a person with schizophrenia does not have
Delusions - false beliefs
Hallucinations - false perceptions

Treatments - Anti-psychotic medication

Positive Symptoms

something that a person with schizophrenia has that a typical person does not

Negative Symptoms

something that typical people do have that a person with schizophrenia does not have

Delusions

False beliefs

Hallucinations

False perceptions