New Imperialism

Social Darwinism

The racial belief that justified stronger nations imperializing weaker nations.

White Man's Burden

Belief that it was Europeans' duty to help natives.

Mercantilism

The colony exists for the benefit of the mother country.

Sphere of Influence

An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive trading rights/investment

King Leopold II

Belgian King who began brutal treatment of natives in the Congo.

Berlin Conference

International Conference dealing with the partition of Africa in 1884, no Africans were present at this meeting.

Zulu

The natives resisting Dutch and British imperialism in South Africa.

Ethiopia

Christian kingdom of East Africa that resisted Italian colonization and maintained its independence

British East India Company

Controlled trading rights in India

Sepoy Rebellion

Indian soldiers rebelled against British with deadly results and Britain took India as a crown colony.

Opium War

Conflict between Britain and China over the trade of opium, resulting in the defeat of the Chinese and the signing of an unequal treaty.

Treaty of Nanjing (1842)

First treaty of many unfair treaties that ended the Opium War.

Extraterritoriality

Right to live under native laws and be tried in homeland's courts even if citizens are living in a foreign country

Taiping Rebellion

Most devastating peasant revolt in history, based on inequality and poverty in China, weakened the Qing dynasty

Open Door Policy

US policy toward Chinese trade - open to everyone on an equal basis

Boxer Rebellion

1899 - Righteous Harmonious Fists, a secret Chinese society, goal was to end European involvement in China

Sun Yixian

Reformer and first president of the Chinese Republic

Tokugawa Shogunate

Japanese ruling dynasty that isolated it from foreign influences between 1600s and 1868

Meiji Restoration

The modernization and industrialization of Japan in the 1800's

Matthew Perry

Commodore of the US Navy who opened up Japan with the Treaty of Kanagawa

Treaty of Kanagawa

1854 unequal treaty between Japan and the US. Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships

Colony

territory set up and ruled by another country

Ethnocentrism

Feeling of superiority and judgment of another culture based on your own.

Christianity

Religion the Europeans wanted to spread in their colonies.

Russo Japanese War

War that resulted in the first time an Asian nation defeated a European nation.