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Derivatives of lux, lucis, f
elucidate, translucent, lucifer, lucid, pellucid, hallucinate
Derivatives of lumen, lumenis, n
illuminate, bioluminescence, luminosity, luminary, subluminal
Multi famam, conscientiam pauci verentur–Pliny
Many fear their reputation, few their conscience
What made Cicero finally pick a side?
Death of Caesar
Year Cicero was assassinated
43 BC
Speeches of Cicero against Octavian
Phillipics
These parts of Cicero were displayed on the rostra as a warning
his hands and feet
Subjugate
to make somebody your subject
Sub-jugate
under-yoke
Iugum
yoke
Ningit
It snows
Lucet
It is sunny
Pluit
It rains
Tonat
it thunders
Fulget
it lightningings
Fulminet
it lightningings
Grandinat
it hails
Battle of Caudine forks
321 BC, 2nd Samnite war
Leaders at Caudine forks
Gaius Pontius (Samnite) vs Titus Veturius Calvinus and Spurius Postumius Albinus
Reason for defeat at Caudine forks
Army trapped in mountain pass
Humiliation at Caudine Forks
soldiers forced to walk under a yoke
Annhilate
ad + nihil, to nothing
Decimate
punishment of killing every tenth man
Pulverize
from puluis, eris (dust)
Ubi solitudinum faciunt, pacam appellant - Tacitus
When they make a desert, they call it peace
Umbo
boss of the shield
Gladius
short sword
Pilum
throwing spear
Caligae
boots (leather sandals)
Scutum
shield
Galea
helmet
Lorica
breastplate
Balteus
belt across the chest
Sinecure
a job without care, a job with nothing to do
Sine-cure
without-care
Sine qua non
without which not - without which you cannot survive
Use of sine qua non
dramatization, not actually a necessity
Author of Comedies
Plautus, Terence
Author of History
Tacitus, Livy
Author of Natural History
Pliny the Elder
Author of Biography
Suetonius
Author of Satire
Juvenal
Letters
Cicero, Pliny the Elder
Author of epic poetry
Vergil
Author of lyric and love poetry
Ovid, Catullus, Horace
Author of short, witty epigrams
Martial
Older (Golden or before) authors
Plautus, Livy, Cicero, Vergil, Ovid, Catullus, Horace
Later authors
Terence, Tacitus, Pliny (both), Suetonius, Juvenal, Martial
Derivatives of fungor, fungi, functus sum
defunct, function, NFT, dysfunctional
PUFF-V verbs
potior, utor, fungor, fruor, vescor
M.o - modus operandi
mode of operation - usual way of doing things
Modus vivendi
way of living
Spolia opima
rich spoils, three times, single combat by leaders instead of huge armies
Spolia opima 1
Romulus from Acron
Spolia opima 2
Cossus from Mars Tolumnius, mid republic
Spolia opima 3
Marcellus from Viridomarus
Circumlocution
speaking around something
Circum-locution
around-speaking
Prosim - That I may serve
Motto of Virginia Tech
Beloved freed slave of Cicero who wrote down his speeches, maybe invented ampersand
Tiro
Metamorphosis
a change in form
Meta-morphosis
change-shape
Paucity
scarcity, lack, dearth, fewness
Pauci, paucae
a few
Nunc est bibendum
now it must be drunk/now we all must drink
Led a revolt of the Britons during the reign of Nero
Boudicca
Defeated by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus in battle of Watling street
Boudicca
Last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty, descended from Alexander the Great and spoke Greek
Cleopatra
Claimed to have a son by Caesar named Caesarion
Cleopatra
Defeated in battle of Alexandria by Octavian
Cleopatra
Misogyny
hatred of women
Miso-gyny
anti-women
Misanthropy
hatred of human-kind
Invidim privita deduci superbo / non humilis mulier triumpho
hating to be led as a private woman/person, and a not humble woman in a proud triumph
Invidim privita deduci superbo / non humilis mulier triumpho
chiasmus
Derivatives of novus
novel, novice, innovation, renovate, nouveau riche, supernova
Nihil sub sole novem
nothing new under the sun (Book of Ecclesiastes)
After defeat at Pharsalus fled to Egypt where Ptolemy killed him and sent his head and signet ring to Caesar
Pompey
Is said to have cried at seeing Pompey’s head and later killed Ptolemy with the help of Cleopatra
Caesar
Lachrymose/lacrimose
tearful
Ars gratia artis
art for the sake of art
Has the motto of ars gratia artis
MGM studio
Caesar defeated Pompey and put him to flight
Pharsalus, 48 BC
Mark Antony and Octavian defeat Brutus, Cassius et al.
Phillippi, 42 BC
Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra (not portrayed as a civil war)
Actium, 31 BC
Battle of Rome vs. Carthage/Hannibal, one of the greatest one day losses in history (Romans lose)
Cannae, 218 BC
Dies Atri
Dark days
Significance of Dies Atri
Marriages and celebrations didn’t happen on these days due to the connotation they carried (defeats and such)
Ignominious
loss of (good) name
Ig-nomen
not-name
Wife of Cicero
Terentia
Daughter of Cicero
Tullia
Son of Cicero
Marcus
Brother of Cicero
Quintus
Friend of Cicero
Atticus
Scribe of Cicero
Tiro
Cedant arma togae (first said by Cicero)
Let arms yield to the toga
Has motto of cedant arma togae
Wyoming
Ampersand (&)
and per se and
Later Roman author (360) who wrote the Breviarius
Eutropius
Note 
Flashcard (82)