Human Biology Final Exam

Match each term to the correct image

Anatomical Position

Match each term to the correct image

Prone

Match each term to the correct image

Supine

Interior

Inside

Exterior

Outside

Anterior

Front Side

Posterior

Back Side

Superior

Above

Inferior

Below

Lateral

Toward the sides/away from the middle

Medial

Toward the middle

Proximal

Closer to point of attachment

Distal

Farther from point of attachment

Superficial

Closer to surface (Shallow)

Deep

Farther from surface

The position of this person’s entire body could be described as…

Anterior and Anatomical

The hand is ______________ compared to the shoulder (assume the body is in anatomical position).

Inferior and Distal

The thigh is ______________ compared to the ankle (assume the body is in anatomical position).

Superior and Proximal

\n The skin is _________ compared to the muscles.

Superficial

The skin is __________________, while the bones are _________________.

External, Internal

The nose, navel (bellybutton), eyes, and mouth are all located on the ____________ side of the body.

Ventral, Anterior

If the navel (bellybutton) lies along the vertical midline of the body, something nearer to the navel would be considered ____________.

Medial

Something farther away from the midline of the body is considered

Lateral

A paper cut would be considered a _________ wound.

Superficial

Another word for anterior is ______________.

Ventral

Another word for posterior is ______________.

Dorsal

Anatomical position words... (Choose all that apply.)

Occur in pairs, Have corresponding words with opposite meanings, Can be used to describe the anatomy of a variety of organisms

The study of the FUNCTIONS of our body’s organs, tissues, and systems is called

Physiology

Responsiveness refers to an organism’s ability to

sense changes and react to them

The dorsal and ventral cavities are filled with organs; as a group they are called

visceral organ

In order to maintain homeostasis, the body requires a constant supply

energy

Metabolism refers to

all the physical and chemical changes that occur in an organism

Fluid that lubricates the organs is called

serous fluid

A group, or mass, of similar cells working together to carry out the same function form

Tissues

The body’s tendency to maintain a stable, balanced internal environment through self-regulating adjustments is called

homeostasis

The parietal membrane is the part that

faces outward, toward the cavity

What happens when the body is unable to maintain homeostasis

illness or death

This system functions in the body’s defense against infection

lymphatic

Hormone regulation and secretion is the job of this organ system

endocrine

The function of this system is to remove wastes from the blood and maintain water balance

Urinary

What organ system functions to transport substances throughout the body

circulatory

A cut that only goes through the layer of skin, would be called

superficial

When cells become specialized to perform a function, it is called

differentiation

Hyponatremia occurs when a person

has too much water in the blood

Muscles or glands that respond to changes in the body, such as sweat glands when body is hot

effectors

Atmospheric pressure is a requirement ofhuman life because it is necessary for

breathing

The normal range for vital signs like temperature, fluctuates around a(n)

set point

Match the body slice on the image →Coronal

B.

Match the body slice on the image- Transverse

C.

Match the body slice on the image- Sagital

A.

What muscle separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity

diaphragm

A body that is face down is in what position

Prone

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedbackloop

milk production and suckling infant

When blood sugar level drops in the blood, the pancreas secretes

glucagon

Which vital sign would indicate thata person has hyponatremia?

urine sodium levels

Match the body region- Cheek

Buccal

Point of shoulder

Acromial

Chest

Pectoral

Foot

Pedal

Upper Arm

Brachial

Mediastinum

A

Pericardial

C

Abdominopelvic

D

Pleural

B

Which of the following is located in the pleural cavity?

lung

On the picture, the letter E represents the

dorsal cavity

On the picture, the letter B represents the

diaphragm

Cervical

B

Gluteal

D

\n Lumbar

C

Femoral

E

Cephalic

A

Match the organ to the system-Urinary

Kidney

Match the organ to the system-Nervous

Brain

Match the organ to the system-Integumentary

Skin

Match the organ to the system-Endocrine

Pituary Gland

Match the organ to the system-Digestive

Stomach

A liquid mixture with one component evenly dissolved in another component

Solution

The functions performed by this molecule depend on its shape

Protein

Structural and energy storage molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Carbohydrate

A pure substance made of only one type of atom

Element

A group of nonpolar macromolecules.

Nucleic Acid

A salt or mineral that, when dissolved in water, cancarry an electric charge in the body

Solute

Of the elements found in the human body, this one is considered the central element because it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Carbon

Which particle represents a neutron

B

Which particle will determine the identity of this atom

C

The movement or sharing of what particle determines whatkind of bonds the atom will form?

A

How many valence electrons are present in this atom?

2

Which of the following is true of electrolytes?

They are ions found in tears, blood, nerves, and muscles.

Blood plasma is a _______________ with water acting as the ______________ and dissolved proteins,electrolytes, glucose, and lipids acting as the _____________.

Solution | solvent | solutes

This bond forms when water molecules attract each other

Hydrogen Bond

The sharing of valence electrons between two atoms creates this bond

Covalent Bond

Forms when one atom takes an electron away from another, forming opposite charges

Ionic Bond

Which of these body fluids would be classified as alkaline, or basic?

Semen, pH = 8.0

Body cells can quickly generate energy by metabolizing _____________________.

ATP into ADP and a phosphate

The image to the right shows five fatty acids found in triglycerides.Given its appearance, what would be an accurate conclusion abouterucic acid and oleic acid?

They each have at least one C=C bond.

Which type of lipid is the biggest component of body fat?

Triglycerides

Lipid hormones such as cortisone, testosterone, and estrogen are classified as ____________ due to therings present in their chemical structures

Steroids

Animals such as humans will metabolize hundreds of excess ________________ like glucose into muchlarger _______________ like glycogen

Monosaccharides | polysaccharides.

Which of these would result in the denaturation of a protein?

Placing it into a strong acid, causing its shape to alter.