P4 Electric Circuits - AQA Trilogy Physics

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Circuit Symbols

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11 Terms

1

Circuit Symbols

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2

Current

  • electrons passing through a circuit

  • charge flow (C) = current (A) x time (s)

  • Q = I x t

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3

Potential Difference / Voltage

  • potential difference (V) = energy transferred (J) / charge (C)

  • V = E / Q

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4

Resistance

  • resistance (Ω) = potential difference (V) / current (A)

  • R = V / I

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5

Ohm’s Law

  • the current through a resistor at a constant temperature is directly proportional to the potential difference across the resistor

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6

Filament Lamp

  • the resistance increases if the temperature increases

<ul><li><p>the resistance <mark data-color="purple" style="background-color: purple; color: inherit">increases</mark> if the temperature <mark data-color="purple" style="background-color: purple; color: inherit">increases</mark></p></li></ul><p></p>
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7

Diode

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8

Thermistor

  • resistance decreases if the temperature increases

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9

Light-Dependant Resistor (LDR)

  • resistance decreases as the light intensity increases

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10

Series Circuit

  • the current in each component is the same

  • the total potential difference is shared between components

  • adding components resistances gives the total resistance

  • adding more resistors increases the total resistance - the current through the resistors is reduced and the total pd across them is unchanged

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11

Parallel Circuit

  • the total current is the sum of the currents through the separate components

  • the pd across each component is the same

  • the bigger the resistance of a component, the smaller the current that will pass through

  • adding more resistors decreases the total resistance - the total current through the resistors is increases and the total pd is unchanged

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