Honors West Civ 6

Baptism

act Jesus established that washes away original sin and puts us in a state of Grace

Confession

the sacrament that can wash away our mortal sins

sacraments

a sign of God’s grace; it does what it signifies

ordination

the act of ordaining someone in the sacrament of holy orders

ordained priesthood

men who share jesus’ authority

priesthood of all believers

in a limited way evryone is a priest of God

2 authorities of the church

bible; tradition

predestination

idea that God determines where you go (heaven or hell)

single predestination

God selects people for heaven but does not select people for hell

transubsidiation

bread and wine stop being bread and wine and become the body and blood of Jesus

double predestination

god selects those who go into either heaven or hell

purgatory

a temporary stage of the afterlife; those who are here always go to heaven

indulgence

a way to reduce yours or someone else’s time in purgatory; doing good deeds or buying it

John Tetzel

a preacher in Germany who was looking for people to donate for/buy indulgences

Martin Luther

German priest who was critical of indulgences and started Lutheranism

Pope Leo X

Martin Luther burns his letter which threatens to excommunicate Luther

sola scriptura

by scripture alone

sola fide

saved by faith alone

consubstantiation

bread and wine becomes body and blood while staying bread and wine

The Address to the German Nobility

writing by Martin Luther which asks why Germans are following foreign countries instead of doing their own thing (religion wise)

Charles V

HRE and Spain king who is unable to execute Martin Luther because of ML’s connection (part of the Habsburg family)

Fredrick of Saxony (the elector)

protected Martin Luther; able to do this because he was 1/7 people who elected HRE emperor

diet

eeting of government officials in HRE

diet of Speyer

Government told nobles who followed Luther need to allow people who are Catholic to let them continue practicing Carholoscism

protestant

Christians who are followers of people who broke away from the church within Europe

Peace of Augsberg

the compromise made by Charles V; each noble in HRE has choice between Catholocism and Lutheranism and he chooses religion for everyone in his territory

cuius regio, eius religio

whose region, his religion

Ferdinand I

the brother of Charles V who received Austria and HRE

Philip II

Charles V son who received Spain and Americas; he heavily apposed any religion other than Catholicism

John Calvin

wrote the Institutes of Chistian religion; believes the bible is the only authority; invented Calvinism

Calvinism

religion started by John Calvin; polar opposite of catholosicsm

King Henry VIII

his 6 wives has a whole musical dedicated to their marrige life to him; broke away from the Catholic Church when he wanted to remarry

Catherine of Aragon

the 1st wife of King Henry VIII; sang No Way

Anne Boleyn

the woman who King Henry broke away from the Catholic Church for; sang don’t lose your head

Thomas Cranmer

appointed archbishop of Canterbury who gave the marrige of King Henry VIII and Catherine' of Aragon an anullment

Anglicanism

religion that follows Christianity but rejects the pope; Queen Elizabeth I devout follower

Act of Succession

states that Anne Boleyn’s children are heirs to the throne, people must awknowledge Anne as Henry’s wife and not married to Catherine (rejects pope)

Thomas More

rejects oath (from Act of Succession) to King Henry-and was excecuted and charged for treason

Act of Suppremacy

states that the King is the leader of the church

Elizabeth I

daughter of Anne and Henry; remained unmarried throughout her entire rule of England

Jane Seymore

gave birth to King Henry’s only son; sang stone of heart

Edward VI

the only son of King Henry

Council of Trent

a council called by Pope Paul III that lasted 18 years (went on and off); Catholic church rejects all new ideas; included some reforms the church made

index of forbidden books

one of the reforms added to the catholic church which was a list of books prohibited for Catholics to read

Roman Catechism

officiql book by the catholic church

St. Ignatious of Loyola

established the religion of the Jesuits

Jesuits

a religious order started by Ignatious that had a special connection to the pope

Mary Tudor

became queen of England and was married to Philip II; heavy on being a Catholic; bloody mary

Queen Elizabeth I

queen of England after Mary Tudor who was a follower of Anglecanism-persecuted Catholics

Escurial

Large palace in Spain built by order of King Philip II

Moriscoes

Muslims who converted to christianity who secretly practiced Islam

John of Austria

King Philip II’s half brother who got the Moriscoes to disperse

Pope Pius V

pope that was concerned about the Turks so he organized the Holy League

Holy League

alliances between Spain, Papal States, and Venice; fought Turks

Battle of Lepanto

John of Austria and Holy League vs Turks-Holy League won

Mary Stuart

wrote a letter to Philip II which offered him her place on the throne after Elizabeth I; was executed

St. Bartholemew’s Day Massacre

Catholics major assasination towards huguenots

huguenots

french calvinists

Henry Novarre (IV)

French King who converted to Christianity because the French people didn’t want a protestant king

Edic of Nantes

granted religous toleration to the Hugenots

Prague

capital of Bohemia where the 30 year war started

Ferdinand II

pur Prague in control of 10 (mostly catholic) regents

defenistration of prague

2 regents were thrown out the window by catholics who raided their building

30 years war

(1618-1648) sorta Catholics vs Protestants fighting over religous tensions ended with the Peace of Westphalia

John George of Saxony

George the Drunk; protestant believer who at first was on the Catholic’s side of the 30 yr war but switched after the Edict of Restitution

Edict of Restitution

order established by Ferdinand II that ordered protestants to give land back to the Catholic

Ferdinand III

replacement of Ferdinand II after he died

Peace of Westphalia

allowed Calvinism, increased religious freedom for inds., granted soverieghnty to territory