Neuro 2.2 - brodmann and cerebrum stuff

4

what is the broadmann’s area for the primary motor cortex (m1)

primary

does the primary or secondary motor cortex control movement of the distal muscles

pre

is the primary motor cortex in the pre or post central gyrus

VL

the subcortical afferents of the primary cortex goes from the cerebellum → (specific area of thalamus) → M1

VPL

the subcortical afferents of the primary cortex goes from the somatic sensory → (specific area of thalamus) → M1

premotor

does the premotor or primary or secondary motor cortex initiate the phases of movements

premotor

does the premotor or primary or secondary motor cortex have fewer connections to the thalamus

VA/VL

the secondary and premotor motor areas receive subcortical afferents that go from the globus pallidus and substantia nigra → (specific area of thalamus) → SMA (secondary motor area)

3, 1, 2

what is the broadmann’s area for the primary somatosensory area

post

is the primary somatosensory area in the pre or post central gyrus

VPL and VPM

the somatosensory area has major afferent signals which go from ascending snesory pathways → (specific area of thalamus) → S1

secondary

does the primary or secondary somatosensory area process more pain information

left

is the right or left hemisphere usually the dominanry side (language area)

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

visual-spatial analysis and spatial attention to bilateral space

dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

Arithmetic: sequential and analytical calculating skills

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

Arithmetic: ability to line up columns of numbers on page

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

•3-D recognition

•recognition of faces

dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

Visual-spatial analysis and spatial attention – contralateral space only

dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

Sense of Direction: following a set of written directions in sequence

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

Sense of Direction: Finding one’s way by overall sense of spatial orientation

dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

analytic thinking

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

intuitive thought

dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

decisions/problem solving based on analytical data

non-dominant

dominant or non-dominant hemisphere:

creative/artistic abilities

41 and 42

what is the broadmann’s area for the primary auditory area

difficult interpreting or localing sound but not deafness

what would happen with a lesion to the primary auditory area

auditory

• 22 = superior temporal gyrus

written

• 40 = supramarginal

• 39 = angular gyri

what is the broadmann’s area for wernicke area

wernicke area

_____________ associates auditory inpur with memories to allow comprehension

44 and 45

what is the broadmann’s area for broca’s area

brocas area

____________ brings together information to begin process of creating motor production of speech

• Primary auditory cortex

• Wernicke area

• Arcuate fasciculus

• Broca area

• Motor areas

5 areas with the ability to hear and repeat words

Temporoparietal

the ____________ area on the non-dominant hemisphere provides comprehension of speech

wernicke

the Temporoparietal on the non-dominant hemisphere is like ___________ area on the dominant hemisphere

broca

the inferior frontal on the non-dominant hemisphere is like ___________ area on the dominant hemisphere

inferior frontal

the ____________ area on the non-dominant hemisphere provides production of speech

• decode non-standard meanings

• process metaphors

• understandthemes

besides comprehending and producing speech, what are the other functions of the non-dominant hemisphere concerning speech

superior division of the MCA

what is the vascular supply to brocas area

• aphasia (difficulty turning concept or thought into meaningful sounds)

• decreased fluency of spontaneous speech

  • often halting

  • short phrases (< 5 words)

  • content words (nouns > function words)

  • moste sever = mute

• repetition and naming impaired

what can disruption to broca’s area casue

agraphia (inability to express thoughts in writing)

if there is aphasia with brocas area, it may be accompanied by ___________

inferior division of MCA

what is the vascular supply to wernickes area

wernikes

if a person’s speech is understandable but makes no sense, they have suffered an injury to the ___________ area

neologisms (injury to wernikes)

_____________ is defined as make up words

brocas

if the person is aware of the speech, they have suffered an injury to the ___________ area

5 and 7

what is the broadmann’s area for the posterior parietal association cortex

non- dominant

a lesion to the posterior parietal association cortex would be most significant it is in the ______________ hemisphere

posterior partietal association

the _________________ area is for higher order processing (integrate sensory info, attention to spatial aspects of sensation, motor planning based on sensory input)

non dominant

dominant or non dominant:

more attention span

parietal

parietal or frontal:

more integrated sensory-spatial gestalt

right

the dominant hemisphere responds to the….

• left side

• right side

• both sides

both (more stongly on the left)

the non dominant hemisphere responds to the….

• left side

• right side

• both sides

non dominant

dominant or non dominant:

Difficulty with tasks requiring visual-spatial analysis

non dominant

dominant or non dominant:

hemi-neglect syndromes

non dominant

dominant or non dominant:

lesion would cause decrease in alertness and attention

non dominant

dominant or non dominant:

lesion would cause changes in personality/emotions

• sensory (ignore visual, tactile, auditory)

• motor-intentional (fewer movements on contralateral hemispace)

• combined sensory and motor

• conceptual (deny body part is theirs)

(remember this typically occurs on the right hemisphere/non dom side)

types of contralateral neglect (4)

agnosia (lesion of sensory association cortex, ex. put hand in pocket and know if it’s keys or coins)

____________ is the inability to recognize or interpret familiar objects, people, sounds, smells, or tastes despite having intact sensory functions