Psychosocial Exam 3: Disruptive Behavior Disorders and Personality Disorders

what are they?

areas of self control of emotions

types of Disruptive Behavior Disorders

1) oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

2) Conduct Disorder

3) Anti-social personality disorder (+18 if doesn't meet criteria for conduct disorder in childhood)

4) Intermittent explosive disorder

5) Pyromania - impulse control disorder (fire)

6) Kleptomania - impulse control disorder, rare (stealing)

oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Defiance lasting at least 6 months with at least 4 of the

following symptoms:

• Mood: angry, irritable, easily annoyed, resentful

• Behavior: argumentative, defiant, deliberative

annoying

• Vindictiveness: spiteful, seeks revenge, blames

others

ODD severity

• Mild - Symptoms occur only in one setting, such as only

at home, school, work or with peers.

• Moderate- Some symptoms occur in at least two

settings.

• Severe - Some symptoms occur in three or more settings.

ODD - symptoms occur only in one setting, such as only at home, school, work or with peers.

a) mild

b) moderate

c) severe

a) mild

ODD - Some symptoms occur in at least two settings.

a) mild

b) moderate

c) severe

b) moderate

ODD - Some symptoms occur in three or more settings.

a) mild

b) moderate

c) severe

c) severe

What is conduct disorder?

repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others, or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated.

inflicting in the rights of others

criteria

- aggression to people and animals

- destruction of property

-deceitfulness or theft

- serious violations of rules

if the individual is 18 + and no criteria is met fro antisocial personality disorder they are diagnosed with:

conduct disorder

conduct disorder --> aggression to people and animals

Often bullies, threatens, or intimidates others.

Often initiates physical fights.

Has used a weapon that can cause serious physical harm to others (e.g., a bat, brick, broken bottle, knife, gun).

Has been physically cruel to people.

Has been physically cruel to animals.

Has stolen while confronting a victim (e.g., mugging, purse snatching, extortion, armed robbery).

Has forced someone into sexual activity.

conduct disorder --> destruction of property

-has deliberately engaged in fire setting with the intention of causing serious damage

-has deliberately destroyed others' property (other than by fire setting)

conduct disorder --> deceitfulness or theft

1. Has broken into someone else's house, building, or car.

2. Often lies to obtain goods or favors or to avoid obligations (i.e., "cons" others).

3. Has stolen items of nontrivial value without confronting a victim (e.g., shoplifting, but without breaking and entering; forgery).

conduct disorder --> serious violations of rules

1. Often stays out at night despite parental prohibitions, beginning before age 13 years.

2. Has run away from home overnight at least twice while living in the parental or parental surrogate home, or once without returning for a lengthy period.

3. Is often truant from school, beginning before age 13 years.

conduct disorder classification

mild - few problems, minor harm (lying, truancy, staying after dark)

moderate - stealing without confronting victim, vandalism

severe- many conduct problems (forced sex, physical cruelty, weapon)

Few if any conduct problems in excess of those required to make the diagnosis are present, and conduct problems cause relatively minor harm to others

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

a) mild

conduct disorder - e.g., lying, truancy, staying out after dark without

permission, other rule breaking).

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

a) mild

stealing without confronting the victim & vandalism

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

b) moderate

many conduct problems in excess of those require to make the diagnosis are present present

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

c) Severe

conduct problems cause considerable harm to others

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

c) Severe

forced sex, physical cruelty

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

c) Severe

use of weapon, stealing while confronting a victim

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

c) Severe

breaking and entering

a) mild

b) moderate

c) Severe

c) Severe

OT interventions for disruptive behaviors

- individualized and focused on increasing participation in occupations

- emotional regulation (anger management, mindfulness, adaptive coping strategies)

ex:

-zones of regulations

-substituting behaviors and habits

-sensory approach (ID preferences)

- assess cognitive skills (judgement, PS)

involves the ways in which a person perceives the world though attitudes, thoughts and feeling

personality

at what point does personality become a disorder?

when your traits impact how you perform your occupations and how you behave

what is the key distinction between a healthy personality and a disordered personality?

flexibility!!

individuals with PD trend to be inflexible, with a rigid thought patterns, feelings and behaviors

flexibility leads to

effective coping and satisfactions with occupations

what is personality disorder?

inability to modify behaviors to fit the situation

hinders coping ability

leads to distress and dissatisfactions

interferes with occupations

enduring patter of inner experience and behaviors that deviates from cultural expectations

personality disorder

personality disorder is

a) stable over time

b) episodic

stable

enduring and pervasive rather than episodic

4 areas common to ALL personality disorders

1) thinking

2) feeling

3) interpersonal relationships

4) impulse control

2 for diagnosis

PD is classified into clusters:

A odd and eccentric; paranoid; schizoid; schizotypal

B antisocial; borderline; narcissistic

C anxious and fearful; avoidant; dependent; obsessive compulsive

add more on clusters

PD - impact on occupational perfromance

thinking - cognition; disrupted beliefs

feeling - affect; emotional regulation (intensity, duration, appropriateness)

impulse control

interpersonal problems

PD impacts in cognition

- distortions in thinking patterns about the world, themselves and relationship with others

- binary (black and white)

-distorted perceptions of self and otter's

- significant interpersonal problems