AP World History project by Bhavya Donda, Michael Chicoskie, and Jacob Lauber

this is my dynasty

What was the tribute system in song dynasty and who were part of it under the song’s sphere of influence?

The tribute system during the Song Dynasty involved a network of diplomatic and trade relationships where neighboring states acknowledged the supremacy of the Chinese emperor in exchange for political recognition and economic benefits. Key participants included Korea, Vietnam, and various Southeast Asian kingdoms, which sent tribute missions to the Song court to maintain favorable relations. (to get it right you must say it in the extract words it was written and if you don’t you will not get the point and be burned alive)

what were the effects on the Mongol Empire's expansion on trade and cultural exchange across Eurasia?

The Mongol Empire connected many different regions, which helped trade to flourish, especially along the Silk Road. This made it easier for goods like silk and spices to be exchanged. It also allowed cultural ideas, including Islam, to spread into places like India, influencing religion, art, and culture.

How did Islam spread to Mali and what were the effects on the state. How did this help Mali’s economy and technology?

Islam spread to Mali through trade routes. This increased wealth and introduced technologies like the camel saddle, enhancing trade.

what was the main consequence of Indian ocean trade. Also, what was mostly traded along the trade route?

The main consequence of Indian Ocean trade was the exchange of goods, especially spices. Spices were highly valued for flavoring food and preserving it. This trade route connected different cultures and economies, boosting trade across regions.

Where did the black death first originate and how was it spread, also what were the main consequence of the spread of the disease along the trade routes?

The Black Death started in Asia and spread to Europe via trade routes, causing a huge population decline and social changes in Europe.

How did the development of the printing press contribute to the cultural and intellectual transformations of the Renaissance

The printing press allowed for quick book production, spreading ideas and sparking the Renaissance by promoting learning

what are some of the technologies that help facilitate trade. Describe what they are used for

The technologies that facilitated trade included the compass for navigation, caravans for safe group travel, and the Junk ships made by the song empire for transporting goods.

How did the roles and status of women differ from Islam and Hinduism?

In Islam, women had rights like owning property and participating in society, though their status could vary. In Hinduism, women generally had more traditional roles focused on family and home life, with less emphasis on personal rights.

what was one environment reason why the Mongol empire failed to take over Japan

The Mongols failed to conquer Japan due to heavy rainstorms that hindered their ships

how did the translation movements in the Islamic world contribute to the preservation and dissemination of Greek and Roman knowledge

The translation movements preserved Greek and Roman texts in Arabic, sharing knowledge and influencing future scholars.

What steps did Peter the Great take to improve Russia?

Peter the Great implemented many reforms to westernize Russia, transforming it into a strong empire. He focused on military, economic, and cultural reforms, including establishing a professional army and navy, promoting industrialization, centralizing government, and encouraging European culture.

Why was Akbar the Great known as the best Mughal ruler?

Akbar the Great is considered the best Mughal ruler primarily due to his significant achievements in administration, military expansion, and religious tolerance. He consolidated the empire's power, fostered a culture of unity, and implemented administrative reforms that influenced later rulers.

What was the main religion of the Safavid Empire?

Shia Muslim

 What was the main military advantage that Muslim empires held over others during this period?

They had gunpowder weapons 

Name 3 crops and diseases that spread through the Columbian exchange

measles, smallpox, syphilis, corn, potatoes, wheat

What was the significance of the creation of the Mughal empire?

The Muslim empire’s control on a primarily Hindu region caused many conflicts even after the empire’s control over the region was lost.

What was the Incan Mit’a system, and how did it help the Incan empire?

The Incan mita system was a mandatory labor service where individuals were required to contribute their time and labor to state projects. It was a form of tribute, which facilitated large scale infrastructure

What was the Renaissance, and what was its significance?

The Renaissance was a cultural and artistic movement that originated in Florence, Italy. It revived interest in Greek and Roman texts and arts, and it led to many scientific advancements.

How did the Portuguese and Dutch control their empires in Southeast Asia?

They were able to exert their influence throughout the Pacific and Indian ocean through their creation of trading posts, and their use of military force. They were known as trading post empires.

What system did the Spanish use in South America that was based on the ideas of social Darwinism?

The Casta system was the social hierarchy the Spanish used in South America that reflected ideas related to social Darwinism. This system categorized people based on their racial ancestry, with those of Spanish descent at the top and those with less Spanish blood at the bottom.

How did Otto Von Bismarck affected Germany’s unity?

Otto von Bismarck played an important role in Germany's unification by using a combination of diplomacy, military might, and strategic alliances to bring together the German states into a unified empire.

What steps did Japan take to become a world power during this period?

In the 19th century, Japan underwent a rapid transformation to become a world power through westernization, especially after the arrival of Commodore Perry in 1853. They underwent military reform and industrialization during and after the Meiji Restoration, which began when the Tokugawa shogunate was overthrown.

How did ideas of the Enlightenment affect the United States during this period?

Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke and Montesquieu provided the intellectual framework for the American Revolution, and these ideas of liberty also affected the women’s suffrage movement. The Enlightenment could have also influenced the emphasis on separation of church and state within the United States government

What was the significance of the 2^nd industrial revolution, when electricity became integrated into factories?

It enabled the development of mass production, assembly lines, and new forms of transportation and communication. Electricity also facilitated the use of new materials like steel and synthetic chemicals, further driving industrial growth. It also led to longer productive working hours, due to the use of the lightbulb powered by electricity.

What was the most expansive European empire, and how did they become the largest?

British Empire, their large royal navy, the industrial revolution, and their effective governing strategy

What theory did Europeans use to justify imperialism by powerful countries?

Social Darwinism

Why was the Berlin Conference held and what did it do?

The Berlin Conference was held to relieve the tensions created by the competition for African natural resources and colonies. The purpose of the conference was to facilitate the peaceful and orderly colonization of Africa. At the conference, European leaders met and agreed on colonial boundaries and free use of African rivers; however, no Africans were present which caused civil unrest into the 20^th and early 21^st centuries.

What was an impact of the American Civil War on areas other than the United States?

During the war, the Northern blockade of the South blocked the export of the much desired southern cotton, which pushed cotton production from the United States to other areas of the world, especially India and Egypt.

What were the effects of imperialism in the 19^th century?

Imperialism in the 19^th century caused increased migration, the rise of many independence movements in colonies, and increased political and economic rivalries between European empires-- especially in the Balkans—which would lead to catastrophic global conflicts in the 20^th century.

What was the cause of an increased standard of living for many people in developed parts of the world during the late 19^th century?

The increased standard of living was because due to developments such as increased automation, interchangeable parts, specialization of labor, and the assembly line, efficiency of production increased which increased the availability of consumer goods, lowering prices.

What were the immediate and long-term causes of the Great War (World War I)?

The immediate cause of the Great War was a sudden surge of nationalism that erupted in the Balkans when Gavrilo Princips and other Serbian nationalists assassinated Austrio-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The long-term causes were a rise in militarism, new alliances, tensions caused by imperialism, and a rise in nationalism.

What is total war?

Total war is when a country commits all their resources to the war effort. Their entire domestic civilian population and economy were all focused on winning the war.

What was the New Deal?

The New Deal is a collection of policies and programs created by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt using British economist John Keynes’ ideas to fix the Great Depression.

What were the causes of World War II?

The long-term causes of World War II was the issues left over after WWI, including the economic downturn caused by WWI (and the rise of fascism that followed it) and the unfair economic, political, and military terms that came with the Treaty of Versailles. The direct cause was the Nazi invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939.

Who were the “Big Three” powers during and immediately following WWII?

The United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain.

What was the Marshall Plan?

The Marshall Plan was a plan enacted in 1947 that offered $12 billion in aid to all European nations (including Germany). The money would be used to modernize industry, reduce trade barriers, and rebuild infrastructure in places where there had been a lot of fighting (such as France and Germany).

What is Mutually Assured Destruction and why was it important during the mid to late 20^th century?

Mutually Assured Destruction is the point when countries (the Soviet Union and United States) are so powerful that regardless of who starts a war, both would be destroyed. It was so important because since neither the Soviet Union nor United States could win a nuclear war, neither side wanted to start one and the balance of fear created by the nuclear warheads kept the peace and prevented nuclear war.

What often led to conflicts in the mid to late 20^th century?

When imperial countries gave government control to former colonies, new states often formed. The boundaries of these new states often caused conflicts, population displacement, and resettlement (such as with India & Pakistan and Israel & Palestine).

What was the Green Revolution?

A time of critical technological developments in agriculture that led to significantly increased crop yields.

What were the main consequences of WWII?

The main consequences of WWII were its high death toll (bloodiest war in history), a change in how people thought about certain topics (racism, colonial empires, international relations, etc.), and it set the stage for a fierce ideological war between the two global superpowers (US and USSR) that would last the next half-century.