Identifying the Substance of the Gene and The Structure of DNA

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the gene, DNA structure, and molecular biology as presented in the lecture notes.

Bacteriophages

A type of virus that infects bacteria by injecting its genetic material.

Hershey-Chase Experiment

An experiment designed to determine whether genetic material or the protein coat infected bacteria.

Role of DNA

DNA must store and copy genetic information and facilitate gene expression.

Nucleotides

The monomers of nucleic acids, composed of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a five-carbon sugar.

Chargaff's Rule

States that the percentage of adenine (A) is almost equal to thymine (T), and the percentage of cytosine (C) is equal to guanine (G).

Double Helix Model

The structure of DNA, characterized by two anti-parallel strands held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases.

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

The structural framework of DNA, made of sugar and phosphate groups.

Gene Expression

The process by which the information coded in DNA is utilized to produce proteins.

Base Pairing

The specific pairing of adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine in DNA.

Watson and Crick

Scientists who developed the double helix model of DNA's structure, using data from Rosalind Franklin's X-ray patterns.