Appendicular Skeleton

Sternum (Composite Bone)

Composite bone

Manubrium of the sternum

Body of the sternum

Xiphoid process of the sternum

Ribs

costal

The sternal end of most ribs articulate with the sternum through _____ cartilage

Costal cartilage

What is the name of the cartilage of the ribs?

Vertebrosternal ribs (true ribs)

● First seven pairs of ribs

● Directly articulates with the sternum through the costal cartilage

vertebrochondral ribs (false ribs)

● Next three pairs after seventh ribs (8, 9, 10)

● Articulates with the cartilage of the seventh rib

floating ribs (flase ribs)

● Last two pairs of ribs (11 and 12)

● No cartilage associated with them

Scapula

acromion

anterior view of the acromion

____ view of the ______

posterior view of the acromion

____ view of the ______

The acromion of the scapula articulates with _______

The acromonial end of the clavicle articulates with the ______

lateral view of the acromion

____ view of the ______

Coracoid process of scapula

anterior view of the coracoid process of the scapula

____ view of the ______

posterior view of the coracoid process of the scapula

____ view of the ______

lateral view of the coracoid process of the scapula

____ view of the ______

(lateral view) glenoid cavity of the scapula

• always on the lateral side of the scapula!

The glenoid cavity articulates with

head of humerus

what feature on the scapula is useful for orientation?

the glenoid cavity because it is alway lateral

Spine of scapula

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

anterior view of the Subscapular fossa of the scapula

lateral view of the Subscapular fossa of the scapula

infraspinous fossa of scapula

posterior view of the infraspinous fossa of scapula

supraspinous fossa of scapula

Lateral view of the supraspinous fossa of scapula

anterior view of the supraspinous fossa of scapula

posterior view of the supraspinous fossa of scapula

Medial border of the scapula

anterior view of the medial border of the scapula

posterior view of the medial border of the scapula

lateral border of scapula

anterior view of the lateral border of scapula

posterior view of the lateral border of scapula

clavicle

Acromonial end of the clavicle

• flattened end

Superior view of the acromonial end of the clavicle

• flattened end

Inferior view of the acromonial end of the clavicle

• flattened end

Conoid tubercle

“cone-shaped bump”

*should always face downward!

In what direction should the conoid tubercle face?

it should always face downward

Inferior view of the conoid tubercle

Humerus

Greater tubercle of the humerus

• lateral to the head

anterior view of the greater tubercle of the humerus

• lateral to the head

posterior view of the greater tubercle of the humerus

• lateral to the head

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

anterior view of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

anterior view of the intertuburcle groove of the humerus

head of the humerus

• faces medially articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula

medially because it articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula

In what direction does the head of the humerus face (medial or lateral) and how do you know?

anterior view of the head of the humerus (located on the proximal end)

posterior view of the head of the humerus (located on the proximal end)

anatomical neck of the humerus (located on the proximal end)

anterior view of the anatomical neck of the humerus (located on the proximal end)

posterior view of the anatomical neck of the humerus (located on the proximal end)

surgical neck of the humerus

anterior view of the surgical neck of the humerus

posterior view of the surgical neck of the humerus

Capitulum of the humerus (located on the distal end)

The capitulum of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius

The capitulum of the _______ articulates with the _______ of the _______

Trochlea of the humerus (distal end of humerus)

• articulates with the ______ notch of the ulna

The trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna

The trochlea of the _______ articulates with the _________ _______ of the _______

anterior view of the trochlea of the humerus (distal end of humerus)

Posterior view of the trochlea of the humerus (distal end of humerus)

the head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of the ulna

the ______ of the radius articulates with the _______ _____ of the ulna.

the head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius

the _______ of the ulna articulates with the _______ _____ of the radius

the head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius

the head of the ulna articulates with the _______ _____ of the _____

the distal end of the radius and ulna articulate with the carpals

the distal end of the radius and ulna articulate with the _______

the distal end of the radius and ulna articulate with the carpals

the distal ends of the ______ and _____ articulate with the carpals

olecranon fossa of humerus (distal end)

• articulates with the ____ of the ulna

posterior view of the olecranon fossa of the humerus (distal end)

the inverse view is not possible

medial epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

*useful for orientation because it always faces inward

anterior view of the medial epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

posterior view of the medial epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

lateral epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

anterior view of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

posterior view of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus (distal end)

The lateral epicondyle of the humerus is smaller than the medial epicondyle

• lateral epicondyle highlighted'

The lateral epicondyle of the humerus is smaller/larger than the medial epicondyle

Ulna

Olecranon of ulna (proximal end)

• articulates with ____ fossa of the humerus

The olecranon fossa of the humerus articulates with the olecranon of the ulna

The _______ fossa of the humerus articulates with the ______- of the _______

trochlea of the humerus

the trochlear notch of the ulna articulates with the

Trochlear notch of the ulna (proximal end)

• radius imaged

anterior view of the trochlear notch of the ulna (proximal end)

• inverse view not possible

coronoid process of the ulna

anterior view of the coronoid process of the ulna (proximal view)

anterior view of the coronoid process of the ulna (proximal view)

radial notch of the ulna

anterior view of the radial notch of the ulna

posterior view of the radial notch of the ulna

Head of the ulna

anterior view of the head of the ulna

posterior view of the head of the ulna

styloid process of the ulna