1973 and Camp David Accords

War of Attrition

Nasser’s goal was to wear Israel out hoping Egyptian artillery barrages would make Israel withdraw its troops from the Suez Canal so Egypt can regain use

Anwar Sadat

Worked with Begin to get rid of Farouk, Nasser’s friend got VP and when Nasser dies, he becomes the new President

2nd Roger’s Plan

A proposal for a ceasefire in the war of Attrition between Israel and Egypt

Impact on USSR

Moscow hardened its position

How Egypt tried to deceive Syria in 1973 war

Misleading them to believe that Egypt’s military was not ready for war then launching a surprise attack across the Suez Canal catching Israel off guard

Egypt’s main goal in the 1973 War

Syrias main goal in the 1973

Reclaim the Sinai Peninsula

UN 338

Ceasefire agreement, there was a statement in negotiations

Golda Meir

Israel PM from 1969-1974

King Hussein’s warning to Isreal

That Egypt and Syria were planning an attack but Israel didn’t believe it

Results of the 1973 War

Ended Inca military stalemate, led to Egypt and Israel starting peace

Likud Party

Founded by Begin and is a right wing political party

Henry Kissinger

He was a mediator by traveling between eastern nations

Shuttle Diplomacy

Repeated travel by Henry Kissinger

Results if Sinai 1 and 2

Temporary ceasefires and disengagement of Egyptian and Israeli forces in the Sinai

OPEC

Organization of Petroleum exporting countries, 12 member states from the Middle East, 1/3 of the worlds oil, 2/3 of its oil reserve

Oil Weapon: Purpose and Results

Gas was hard to get, use it against Israel, create greater sympathy towards Arab Polices, opecs 25% reduction in production, flying in the middle of the day

PLO

Palestinian Organization

1964 PLO Charter

Established the PLO as the representative body for Palestinians

1968 PLO Charter

Reaffirmed the organization’s commitment to armed struggle for the liberation of all of Palestine

Al-Fatah

Militant organization that played a role in the PLO, advocating fir the independent Palestinian state

Ahmad Shukairy

Chairman of PLO

Yasser Arafat

Leader of PLO

Black September

Convinced Hussein to attack the PLO

Karameh

Symbol of Palestine resistance

Damson’s Field Hijacking

PFLP highjacked 4 planes to NYC to blow them up, to convince Israel to release Palestinian prisoners

1972 Munich Olympics

11 Israeli athletes taken hostage, called for the release of Palestinians, all 11 were killed

Ma’alot Massacre

DFLP took 115 hostages from a school in Israel to try and get 23 Palestinian militants from jail, 25 killed, 105 were children

Arafat’s 1974 UN Speech

Claims they are not terrorists, fighting for freedom and liberation of their land with a valid just cause

Yosef Tekoah

Does not think they deserve the right after all the people who have been killed

Camp David Accords

Sadat signing Camp David Accords

Begin signing Camp David Accords

Carter signing Camp David Accords