ap gov test

1. The Constitution's provision that Congress has the right to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution" its powers is often referred to as the

elastic clause

2. What was the purpose of the Twenty-sixth Amendment?

 To lower the voting age to 18

3. An advantage of federalism is that it allows states to

be policy innovators

4. Which of the following is TRUE of the Constitution?

All of the above

5. Judicial review was established in

 Marbury v. Madison

6. Which of the principles of the constitution fits with this scenario, "The Executive Branch has the power to carry out the laws established".

Separation of Powers

7. Which is responsible for most public policies dealing with social, family, and moral issues?

 The states

8. The framers of the Constitution gave chief economic policymaking power to the

 U.S. Congress

9. The principle of the supremacy of federal law over state law was affirmed in

McCulloch v. Maryland

10. The sole purpose of government, according to John Locke, was to

 protect natural rights

A nation’s basic law is

Its constitution

Why separation of powers?

To prevent tyranny by any one branch

What allows contracts to be enforced across states?

Full faith and credit

 What contributed to more national power over the states?

All of the above

 The Supremacy Clause

Makes the Constitution and federal laws the supreme law of the land

16. Formula grants are:

Categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations.

Which of the following is an example of a formula grant?

Medicaid

What are the two types of federal powers derived from Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution?

 Enumerated; implied

 In the Constitution, the powers to coin money, enter into treaties, and regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states were given to:

The national government

According to James Madison (Federalist 10), which best controls the effects of faction?

 A large republic

Which constitutional principle fits the scenario: “Congress has the power to impeach the President if he or she is abusing power”?

Checks and Balances

 The power of the courts to determine whether acts of Congress and the executive are constitutional is called:

Judicial review

Which of the following is most equitably distributed in America?

Federal aid to states and cities

 Almost every policy the national government has adopted has originated with

The states

Grants automatically given to states or communities with discretion in spending are called:

Block grants

According to the Constitution, how many Senators does each state have?

Two

A change to the wording of the Constitution is called:

 An amendment

The Twenty-first Amendment:

Repealed prohibition

Which of these has no formal role in amending the Constitution?

The president

 Which reflects the shared influence of both state and federal governments on education policy?

Cooperative federalism

The Tenth Amendment states

Powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved for the states.

 States not discriminating against residents from other states refers to which clause?

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Standard operating procedures in cooperative federalism include all EXCEPT:

Federal funding with no strings attached

Which plan proposed representation in Congress based on population?

 Virginia Plan

A project grant is:

Awarded on the basis of competitive application

 All of the following decentralize policy EXCEPT:

Federal income tax

Fiscal federalism is

The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system

 A __________ grant has broad spending guidelines.

Block grant

The Thirteenth Amendment

 abolished slavery

The Federalists preferred

 a stronger national government

Ratification of the Constitution

 needed the approval of nine states

Constitutional amendments are usually ratified by

legislatures of three-fourths of the states

Which amendment allowed for the direct election of senators?

17

What is the feature of the Constitution that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches?

checks and balances

Which element of government did the Constitution place within direct control of the votes of the majority?

The House of Representatives

According to the U.S. Constitution, the House of Representatives has how many members from each state?

 Depends on the state’s population

Two key elements of the Madisonian model were to

keep most of the government beyond the control of a popular majority and separate the powers of different institutions

Changes to the Constitution without altering the wording of the Constitution are known as

 informal amendments

Federalism is a way of organizing a nation so that

 Both national and state levels of government have some authority over the same land and people

Regarding the right to vote in national elections, the framers of the Constitution

 decided to leave it up to the individual states to determine voter qualifications in their own states

What model of federalism is sometimes described metaphorically as a marble cake?

cooperative federalism

How many amendments are contained within the Constitution

27

“Their government is run, they can vote for new leaders”

 Popular Sovereignty

The legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed is called

extradition

Which clause in the Constitution ensures that judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in another?

full faith and credit

The idea that there must be restrictions on rulers is known as

limited government

In determining congressional representation and taxation, the Constitution

 counted slaves as three-fifths of a person

The separation of powers and the checks and balances established by the Constitution allow almost all groups some place in the political system where their demands for public policy can be heard.

statement is correct as written, no alternative answer needed

Excerpt from the Declaration of Independence: Which fundamental political idea is expressed?

If the government denies its people certain basic rights, that government can be overthrown

Grants for specific programs distributed according to community demographic factors, such as population or income, are

 formula grants

Which of the following is often seen as a benefit of federalism?

 It allows states to function as laboratories of democracy, or policy innovators

Which of the following best describes the United States government under the Articles of Confederation?

It was weak and ineffective

Devolution refers to

 transferring responsibility for policies from the national government to state governments

The proposal introduced to the Constitutional Convention that called for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of population was the

New Jersey Plan

The power of both the state and federal governments to influence education policy is an example of

marble-cake federalism

The writers of the Constitution

 intended there to be no popular vote for the president

Federal policies to regulate food and drugs, build interstate highways, protect consumers, try to clean up dirty air and water are justified as

 implied powers

According to Brutus 1, which of the following best controls the effects of a faction?

A small republic

The use of federal dollars in one program to influence state and local policy in another program is known as

crossover sanctions

According to the Declaration of Independence AND Federalist 10, the purpose of government is to

protect our rights

The feature of the Constitution that requires each of the three branches of government to be relatively independent of control over the others and that requires each branch to share powers with at least one of the other branches is

separation of powers

The idea that government derives its authority by sanction of the people refers to the principle of

 consent of the governed

What is the major idea behind the Anti-Federalists & Brutus #1?

States should have more power

The enumerated powers of Congress and the national government are those

 specifically spelled out in the Constitution

The Constitution limits the government’s ability to suspend writs of habeas corpus. What does this protect individuals against?

unlawful incarceration

In determining the power of Congress to regulate commerce in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), the Supreme Court

defined commerce very broadly, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity