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Utilitarianism
An ethical theory that promotes actions that maximize happiness and well-being for the majority, often summarized by the phrase 'the greatest good for the greatest number.'
What matters in Utilitarianism?
In Utilitarianism, the rightness or wrongness of actions is determined by their consequences, specifically focusing on the amount of overall happiness or well-being they produce.
Utilitarianism vs. Christianity
Utilitarianism focuses on maximizing happiness for the majority by evaluating actions based on their outcomes, while Christianity often emphasizes moral principles, including love, compassion, and adherence to God's will, which can sometimes lead to different conclusions about what is considered a 'right' action.
Kant vs. Christianity
Kantian ethics emphasizes the importance of moral duties and the categorical imperative, which focuses on acting according to universal principles, while Christianity often centers around love, mercy, and moral teachings based on scripture, potentially leading to different ethical conclusions.
Aristotle's Character Types
Aristotle categorizes character types into four main types: virtuous, vicious, continent, and incontinent. The virtuous person knows and acts in accordance with good; the continent person understands what is good but struggles to act on it; the incontinent person recognizes the good yet fails to act accordingly; and the vicious person neither knows nor acts rightly.
Intrinsic Worth
The inherent value of an entity, typically associated with ethical discussions about the moral status of individuals or beings, particularly in the works of philosophers like Kant and Regan.
Aristotle vs. Christianity
Aristotle's ethics emphasize rationality and virtue as paths to the good life, while Christianity often prioritizes faith, divine grace, and love as fundamental to moral living.