U.S History Regent

Elastic clause

Elastic clause

gives congress the power to pass laws that are necessary

Bill of Rights

first ten amendments

Constitutional Convention

concern over creating a government that is strong but not abusive

Federalism

division of the power to govern between the national and state governments

Checks and balances

designed to limit the power of different branches or departments of a government

Legislative

makes laws

Executive

enforces laws

Judicial

explains and interprets laws

Thirteenth amendment

abolition of slavery

Fourteenth amendment

civil rights for all citizens

Fifteenth amendment

voting rights for African American men

Nineteenth amendment

voting rights for women

Marbury vs Madison

established judicial review

Dred Scott vs Sanford

The Taney court decided that no one of African descent could ever gain citizenship rights

Plessy vs. Ferguson

legalized segregation

Brown vs Board of Ed

court overturned “separate but equal” clause

Virginia House of Burgesses

First American self government and democracy

Declaration of Independence

America formally breaks ties with England

Articles of Confederation

weak central government;ineffective

Monroe Doctrine

end to European colonization in the western hemisphere

Emancipation Proclamation

freed all slaves in those areas still in rebellion against the union

Fourteen Points

Woodrow Wilson created to avoid another world war

Frederick Douglas

abolitionist during civil rights movement

Seneca Falls convention

adressing inequality between men and women

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

activist behind the Seneca Falls convention

Civil Rights Act of 1964

allows for federal enforcement on existing laws for African Americans

Washingtons Farewell Address

warned against entangling foreign alliances; proposed isolationism

Pro-imperialists

America needs colonies to compete globally and to establish overseas bases

Anti-imperialists

empires are a financial burden; problems at home are more important; could drag the U.S into more wars

The Truman Doctrine

pledges American "support for democracies against authoritarian threats.

The Marshall Plan

provided aid to Western Europe to avoid containment

Alien Act

more difficult to become a citizen and easier to arrest and deport any noncitizen

Sedition Act

easier to arrest a person for criticizing government

Dawes Act

attempting to “Americanize” Native Americans

Sherman Anti-trust Act

break up big businesses

The New Deal

national call for government action The hardships of the great depression and laissez fair

Laissez faire

French economic belief that government policy should not interfere with the operation of natural economic policy

Johnson’s great Society

Ending poverty

Salutary neglect

British policy where parliamentary rules and laws mostly are not enforced on the American colonies and trade

Proclamation of 1763

Marked in the Appalachian Mountains, which prohibited American colonist from settling on land acquired from the French following the French and Indian war

War of 1812

British seas American ships bound for France and force Americans to serve on British ships; Promoted American neutrality

Mexican American war

Annexation of Texas border dispute along the border between Texas and Mexico

Treaty of Guadalupe

California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming acquired by U.S

Causes of World War I

Sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman telegraph

The red scare

Many in the United States feared recent immigrants, especially those who embrace communist, socialist, or anarchist ideology

McCarthyism

A practice that endorses the use of unfair allegations and investigations

The great compromise

Establish the United States legislator as a bicameral or two house lawmaking body

3/5 compromise

Counted slaves as 3/5 of a person when determining population

Commerce and slave Trade

Granted Congress, the power to regulate foreign and interstate trade, but was forbidden to tax estate export or take action against the slave trade for 20 years

Manifest destiny

The conviction that the US had a divine mission to expand in order to spread the ideas of freedom and democracy

Adams-Onis treaty with Spain

Acquisition of Florida

Gadsden purchase

Bought parts of Arizona and New Mexico from Mexico

Northwest ordinance

Provided a method for admitting new states to the union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights

Missouri compromise

Dividing the nation into competing halves; Have free half sleeve

Industrialization increased

Immigration because of the job opportunities available

Grangers

Is social organization, but turned political in response to the abuse is carried out by railroad companies against farmers

Square deal

Theodore Roosevelt domestic program, which reflected his three goals; conserving natural resources, corporate law, and consumer protection

Dollar diplomacy

The use of a country’s financial power to extend its international influence

Harlem Renaissance

Influence of slavery, black identity, community, and every day experience of Black people

National Bank

Created by Hamilton for the absorption of states debts