HUMDEV MIDTERMS MILESTONES

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6 - 8 Physical

• Slow gain in height & weight

• Primary teeth replaced by permanent teeth

• More detailed, in-depth drawings

• Games with rules more common

6 - 8 Cognitive

• Logical thinking (Piagetian conservation, class inclusion, seriation problems)

• Understanding of spatial concepts (clear detailed directions; draw and read maps)

• Selective, adaptive, and planful attention

• Memory strategies; Rehearsal, organization

• Active mind, capable of transforming info 

• impact of psychological factors, Awareness of memory strategies

6 - 8 Language

• Vocabulary increase rapidly

• Concrete word definitions (functions and appearance)

• Language awareness improves

6 - 8 Emotional/Social

• Self-concept begins to include personality and social comparisons

• Self-esteem becomes hierarchially organized and declines to a realistic level

• Self-conscious of emotions

• Recognizes/realizes multi-emotional experience

• Attends to facial and situational cues in interpreting feelings

• Understands that access to information can create differences in perspective

• More responsible and independent

• Distributive justice leading from equality to merit to benevolence

• More prosocial and physical aggression decline.

5 - 11 Physical

• Growth spurt begins 2 years earlier in girls

• Gross motor skills of running, jumping, catching, kicking, batting, and dribbling are executed more quickly and better coordination

• Improved reaction time

• Representation of depth in drawing expands

5 - 11 Cognitive

• Logical thought remains tied to concrete

• Piagetian tasks continue to be mastered (conservation of liquid, mass, number, seriation, classification)

• More effective rehearsal and organization

• Applies several memory strategies at once

• Long term knowledge grows larger and more organized

• Cognitive self-regulation improves

5 - 11 Language

• Word definitions emphasize synonyms and categorical relations

• Grasps double meaning of words (metaphors and humors)

• Use of complex grammar construction

• Refined conversational strategies

5 - 11 Emotional/Social

• Self-esteem rises

• Distinguishes ability, effort, luck in success and failure

• Adaptive set of strategies for regulating emotion

• Can view the self from other perspective

• Can view the self from a third party perspective

• Appreciation of moral rules and social conventions

• Peer groups emerge

• Friendships based on mutual trust

• Aware of gender stereotypes, personality traits, school subjects, flexible appreciation of what females and males can do

• Sibling rivalry increases

11 - 14 Physical

• Girl reaches peak of growth

• Girl body fat > muscle

• Girl menstruation

• Boy begin growth spurt

• Boy start ejaculate seminal fluid

• Likely to become aware of sexual orientation

• Girl motor performance gradual increase and levels off

11 - 14 Cognitive

• Formal operational reasoning

• Better coordination of theory with evidence

• Effective arguments

• More self-conscious and self-focused

• More Idealistic and Critical

• Metacognition and Cognitive Self-regulation improves

11 - 14 Emotional/Social

• Moodiness and parent-child conflict increase

• Likely to show gender stereotyping of attitudes and behavior

• Spend less time with family

• Spend more time with peers

• Friendships based on loyalty and trust

• Peer groups organize around cliques

• Cliques with similar values form crowds

• Peer pressure increase

15 - 20 Physical

• Girl completes growth spurt

• Boy reaches peak and then completes growth spurt

• Boy voice deepen

• Boy add muscle > body fat decline

• May have sexual intercourse

• Boy motor performance increase dramatically

15 - 20 Cognitive

• Formal operational reasoning on familiar tasks

• Master components of formal operational reasoning in sequential order on different types of tasks

• Less self-conscious and self-focused

• Better at everyday planning and decision making

15 - 20 Emotional/Social

• Combines feature of self into organized self-concept

• Self-esteem differentiates further

• Self-esteem rises

• Searching for an identity

• Engaging in societal perspective taking

• Conventional moral orientation

• Declined gender stereotypes

• Importance of cliques and crowds decline

• Dating

• Peer pressure decline

20 - 30 Physical

• Athletic skills that require speed, strength, and gross-motor coordination peak in this decade and then decline

• Athletic skills that depend on endurance, steadiness, and aiming peak at the end of this decade and then decline

• Decline in touch sensitivity, respiratory, cardiovascular, immune system functioning, and elasticity of skin begin and continue throughout adulthood (ESSENTIALLY DECLINE IN HEALTH)

• Basal metabolic rate (BMR) declines, gradual weight gain

• Sexual activity increases

20 - 30 Cognitive

• Dualistic thinking (dividing info values, and right and wrong

• Narrows vocational options and settles on specific career

• Entry into marriage, employment, focuses less on knowledge acquisition, more on application

• Develops expertise

• Creativity (originality) increases

• Steady improvement in mental abilities that depend on accumulated knowledge

20 - 30 Emotional/Social

• Leaves home permanently

• Strives to make permanent commitment to intimate partner

• Constructs a dream an image of the self in the adult world that guides decision making.

• Forms a relationship with mentor who facilitates realization of dream

• If in high-status career ; acquire professional skill, value, and credential 

• Mutual gratification of adult friendships and work ties

• May cohabit, marry, bear children

• Sibling relationships become more companionate

• As people move in and out of relationships, loneliness peaks and declines steadily

30 - 40 Physical

• Decline in vision, hearing, skeletal system

• Fertility problems

• Graying and thinning of hair

• Decline in sexual activity (due to demands of daily life)

30 - 40 Cognitive

• As family and work expand, capacity to juggle many responsibilities improve

• Creativity (originality) peaks

30 - 40 Emotional/Social

• Reevaluation of life structure and change of inadequate components

• Stable niche within society through family, occupation, and community activities

• Women career maturity and authority may be delayed