Philosophy Exam 1 (Plato/Socrates)

Secular Humanist

The _____________________ believes that all there is, is nature and matter.

Secular Humanist

The _____________________ believes that there is no need for God. They believe that any belief in God prevents development.

Secular Humanist

The _____________________ believes that there’s no such thing as spirit or supernatural.

Secular Humanist

The _______________________ believes that evolution is natural, and that God isn’t involved.

matter, mind

According to the Secular Humanist, in evolution, __________ comes before _________.

Yes

According to the Secular Humanist, is meaning objective?

Secular Humanist

According to the ____________________, we humans are just more complicated matter.

Secular Humanist

According to the ______________________, science is salvation.

The totality of being

What is nature according to the Secular Humanist?

No

According to the Secular Humanist, is there an afterlife?

Secular Humanist

The ____________________ believes that you only have one life. They believe that death is final.

Secular Humanist

The _____________________ believes that prayer is a waste of time. They believe that there is no one there to listen.

education, religion

According to the Secular Humanist, _________ causes problems that _______ can’t solve.

Yes

Does the Secular Humanist oppose Original Sin?

nature

The Secular Humanist believes that ___________ is not against us, instead it’s just there.

Secular Humanist

The ____________________ thinks that religion is hopelessly conservative and close minded. They justify this with _________ and the story about the sun.

Yes

Is there an ongoing “war” between science and religion?

situation ethics

The Secular Humanist believes in ____________________, which states that every situation is unique, and every situation changes morality.

Secular Humanist

The _____________________ believes that religious people have a “natural law” that goes against human nature.

Yes

According to the Secular Humanist, does philosophy teach/tell us?

No

According to the Secular Humanist, does theology teach/tell us?

Theology

The Secular Humanist believes that all of the following revolve around reality except…

A. Science

B. Theology

C. Psychology

D. History

E. Literature

They believe it’s all superstition

Why does a Secular Humanist ignore theology?

Secular Humanist

According to the _______________________, there is no natural law because there is no God. Instead, they believe that it’s based on human experience.

Yes

Is it true that the standards of morality developed by people coming up with hypotheses’, and then testing them to determine what is morally right and morally wrong?

Secular Humanist

According to the _____________________, the universe is radically plural.

Secular Humanist

The ______________________ believes that no one has a soul or consciousness. They believe that there is a complete union of body and personality.

Who am I? Who are we?

What are the 2 questions the course tries to answer?

Person and Meaning, Person and Truth, Person and Freedom, Person and Love

The Course is split up into 4 sections. List them.

Metaphysical naturalism, Personalistic Existentialism

What are other names for Secular Humanism?

Galileo

__________ was the scientist who used the telescope to see that earth revolved around the sun which goes against the idea in the bible that the sun revolves around the earth .

John Dewey

________________ was an Atheist, and they looked for the religious in religion. They also wrote a book called “Common Faith” in 1934.

religion

John Dewey believes that ___________ is a community. He also believes that it should disappear because it’s all superstition.

religious

John Dewey thinks that the __________ is the best in human nature. It focuses on the real human problems (Ex: poverty, war, prejudice, mental illness).

John Dewey

________________ believes that if people focus more on the real human problems, religion would disappear. He thinks this would be a good thing.

John Dewey

________________ says, “Once you sit down and talk with people of religion, they are bound to lose.” He says this because he believes that religion is all superstition.

Theology

_____________ starts with a message from God (divine revelation).

Religious faith

__________________ is something that you believe, but can’t prove you have.

proof

A _________ is an argument. Once you grasp it, you must accept it.

Philosophy

______________ has no appeal to religious faith/divine revelation. It believes that reality/experience backs up the truth.

No

Can you use theology to explain philosophy?

Science

History is a battle between science and religion. Which has always won?

Ideology

An _____________ is a Philosophy that is intellectual and tells you how to live (Ex: Christianity).

Stevenson

________________ believed in a closed system.

Closed system

A ____________________ is where someone doesn’t listen to someone else’s beliefs, and instead attacks them.

Post modernism

________________________ under Stevenson is the view that every philosophy is culturally conditioned. It is shaped by the culture it was raised/brought up in. No one can say whether their philosophy is the best or not.

A message from God, Religious Faith, The mind

What are the 3 ingredients for theology?

You think about it

According to the 3 ingredients for theology, what do you do after you received divine revelation?

Liberation theology

______________________ is reading the Bible from a certain angle/POV/perception.

No appeal to religious message, no need for religious faith, mind

What are the 3 ingredients for philosophy?

verification principle of meaning

Any statement you make is literary nonsense unless you can point to some sensory experience to back it up. This is known as the ___________________________________.

Yes

Were Thales, Anaximenes, Anaximander, and Parmenides the first philosophers?

Abstract Materialist

Thales, Anaximenes, Anaximander, and Parmenides were ____________________, which means that they didn’t deny spirit, they just didn’t think about it.

Earth, Fire, Air, Water

The first philosophers believed in 4 elements of the universe. What are they?

Thales

___________ thinks that water is the ultimate stuff of the universe.

Anaximens

___________________ thinks that air is the ultimate stuff of the universe.

Anaximander

________________ thinks that something “boundless” is the ultimate stuff of the universe.

Parmenides

_______________ thinks that being is the ultimate stuff of the universe. He thinks that there could never be a time where there was nothing at all. This was because he believed that being was/is eternal, it can’t end.

No

Is there such thing as nothing?

Intersubjectivity of truth

The _______________________________ states that if something is true for me, it’s going to be true for someone else. If I think something is true, someone else may think it’s false. Truth cannot become error, and error cannot become truth.

Plato

___________ stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.”

Plato

According to _________, we are in touch/associated with forms/ideas that we once knew.

Eternal goodness, Eternal truth, Eternal beauty

What are Plato’s forms/ideas?

No

Can Plato’s forms/ideas of Eternal truth, Eternal goodness and Eternal love be changed?

Ethical intellectuals

Plato and Socrates are _____________________. They believe that “He who knows what is right will do what is right.”

unchangeable, changeable

Plato argues that it’s better to be _______________ than ______________.

Plato

_________ believes that spiritual things are more important that material things.

Post modernism

______________________ is Stevenson’s belief that no particular culture can have more importance/priority over the other.

Yes

Is it true that any statement you make is “nonsense“ unless you have a sense experience (sight, touch, smell, hearing or taste).

Eternal, Spiritual, Unchangeable

The Heart of Plato’s philosophy is 3 things. What are they?

No

Does God exist in Plato’s philosophy?

memory

All knowledge is ____________.

problem

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________is always outside the self. It’s there for anyone to solve.

Mystery

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________will always involve the self.

problem

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________leads to a mood of curiosity.

mystery

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________leads to a mood of “awe” or wonder.

problem

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________has an answer.

mystery

According to Gabriel Marcel, a ____________has no final answer.

He doesn’t believe people have enough knowledge to vote.

Why is Plato against democracy?

Martin Buber

Who has these beliefs?

• not everything is a straight path (hence mysteries)

• science is outracing our control (progressing so rapidly that we can't get on top of it)

• increasing loneliness - feeling that you don't matter or no one cares

• threat of the totalitarian state (ex: communism)

• have to have your act together and be a good person

• God is everywhere waiting to be encountered

Inefrible, Direct, Intense, Special Presence, Mutual

What are the 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship?

Inefrible

According to Martin Buber’s 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship, ____________ means that no one can understand it completely.

Direct

According to Martin Buber’s 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship, ____________ means that you are at the center of your personalhood.

Intense

According to Martin Buber’s 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship, ____________ means that it’s not a superficial experience, and that it can change your life.

Special Presence

According to Martin Buber’s 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship, ____________ means that “my presence is a gift, not to manipulate and not for my own gain.”

Mutual

According to Martin Buber’s 5 characteristics of ever I-thou / I-dot relationship, ____________ means that the relationship requires you to be an actual person.

Plato’s Theory of Knowing

View the picture and try and memorize it. (He may ask us to draw it). Select/Type “Plato’s Theory of Knowing” to move on.

Art

According to Plato’s theory of knowing, what is the lowest way of knowing?

Yes

Is it true that when something is material, it is less good?

Scientism

_____________ is the view that only views of positive science are true.

Idea/concept

A __________ is an intellectual spiritual representation of an object as a member of a class. They are always universal.