AI Exam Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for reviewing key concepts in AI.

Backward chaining

A search algorithm that starts from a hypothesis and works backward to reach the goal.

Interaction with the environment

The ability of an agent to interact with its surroundings by sensing and responding to threats or opportunities.

Complexity

A measure of the resources (time or space) required by an algorithm.

Selection

The process where less capable units are removed because they are not good at responding to environmental problems.

Pheromone

Chemical signals that ants use to communicate and leave trails.

Supervised learning

A type of learning where the system is trained on a set of labeled examples.

Inductive programming

A learning approach where the system derives a program from input and desired output examples.

Reflexive

Behavior that is a direct motor response to a stimulus, without intervening processing.

Consequent

The part of an IF-THEN rule that appears after the THEN.

Time complexity

A measure of how long an algorithm takes to find a solution.

Reward

Defines what are the good and bad events for the agent at the immediate level.

Passive sensors

Sensors that capture signals that are generated by other sources in the environment.

Satisfaction problem

Problem where any valid solution is as good as any other solution.

Backpropagation

Algorithm used to train a neural network with hidden layers.

Action

A move in a game, representing the agent's decision.

Output layer

The layer which is used to represent the final output of the model.

Proprioceptive sensors

Sensors that inform the robot of its own motion.

State

An entity that exists in the real world and obeys the laws of physics.

Breadth-first search and Depth-first search

Search algorithms that do not use additional information about the goal.

Simulation

A model that captures the functional connections between inputs and outputs of a system