Medical and Dental Terminology – Vocabulary Flashcards (Pages 1–6 Notes)

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering all key terms and definitions from the provided lecture notes (Pages 1–6).

cyanosis

abnormal condition of blue discoloration of the skin.

diagnosis

state of complete knowledge.

etiology

study of the causes (of disease).

iatrogenic

produced by a physician or other provider.

metastasis

beyond control (as in malignant tumors).

xanthochromic

pertaining to a yellow color.

xeroderma

dry skin.

biopsy

view of life.

dermatology

study of the skin.

epidermal

pertaining to upon the skin.

hypodermic

pertaining to under the skin.

erythroderma

red skin.

intradermal

pertaining to within the skin.

keratogenic

producing horny tissue.

leukoderma

white skin.

necrosis

abnormal condition of death (of cells/tissue).

percutaneous

pertaining to through the skin.

staphylococcus

berry-shaped bacterium in grapelike clusters.

streptococcus

berry-shaped bacterium in twisted chains.

subcutaneous

pertaining to under the skin.

xerosis

abnormal condition of dryness.

pneumothorax

air in the chest cavity.

tracheotomy

incision into the trachea.

laryngoscopy

visual examination of the larynx.

aphonia

absence of voice.

apnea

absence of breathing.

dysphonia

condition of difficult speaking.

dyspnea

difficult breathing.

endotracheal

pertaining to within the trachea.

eupnea

normal breathing.

hypoxia

condition of deficient oxygen to the tissues.

arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries.

atherosclerosis

hardening of fatty plaque.

bradycardia

condition of a slow heart rate.

cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart.

ischemia

deficiency in blood flow.

thrombosis

abnormal condition of a blood clot.

echocardiogram

record of the heart's structure and motion using sound waves.

electrocardiogram

record of the electrical activity of the heart.

initiation

first stage of tooth development.

proliferation

second stage of dental development.

differentiation

third stage of dental development.

histodifferentiation

change into different tissues.

morphodifferentiation

change into other shape.

odontoblasts

dentin-forming cells.

ameloblasts

enamel-forming cells.

cementoblasts

cementum-forming cells.

fibroblasts

fiber-forming cells.

osteoblasts

bone-forming cells.

apposition

the fourth stage of dental development.

calcification

the fifth stage of dental development.

eruption

the sixth stage of dental development.

attrition

final stage of dental development.

odontoclasts

cells that destroy dentin.

cementoclasts

cells that destroy cementum.

osteoclasts

cells that destroy or cause absorption of bone tissue.

Permanent first molars eruption age

6–7 years.

Permanent maxillary first molars eruption age

6–7 years.

Permanent mandibular central incisors eruption age

6–7 years.

Permanent maxillary central incisors eruption age

7–8 years.

Permanent mandibular canines eruption age

9–10 years.

Permanent maxillary canines eruption age

11–12 years.

Permanent mandibular first premolars eruption age

10–11 years.

Permanent maxillary first premolars eruption age

10–11 years.

Permanent mandibular second premolars eruption age

11–12 years.

Permanent maxillary second premolars eruption age

11–12 years.

Permanent maxillary second molars eruption age

12–13 years.

Permanent mandibular second molars eruption age

11–13 years.

Permanent third molars eruption age

17–21 years.

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums.

periodontitis

inflammation of the gums and other tissues surrounding a tooth.

periodontal

pertaining to the tissues around the tooth.

pericoronitis

inflammation around the crown of a tooth.

cheilosis

inflammation of the lip.

glossitis

inflammation of the tongue.

ankyloglossia

short lingual frenum (tongue tie).

leukoplakia

white patches on oral tissues.

erythroplakia

red patch(es) in the oral cavity; may be precancerous.

caries

tooth decay.

incipient caries

beginning tooth decay.

rampant caries

widespread or growing tooth decay.

recurrent caries

tooth decay occurring under or near margins of tooth restoration.

arrested caries

tooth decay showing no progressive tendency.

simple cavity

decay involving one surface of the tooth.

compound cavity

decay involving two surfaces of a tooth.

complex cavity

decay involving more than two tooth surfaces.

periapical

pertaining to around the tooth apex.

pulpitis

inflammation of the dental pulp.

bruxism

grinding of teeth.

universal tooth #1

right upper third molar.

universal tooth #2

right upper second molar.

universal tooth #3

right upper first molar.

universal tooth #4

right upper second premolar.

universal tooth #5

right upper first premolar.

universal tooth #6

right upper canine.

universal tooth #7

right upper lateral incisor.

universal tooth #8

right upper central incisor.

universal tooth #9

left upper central incisor.

universal tooth #10

left upper lateral incisor.

universal tooth #11

left upper canine.