Health Chapter 4

3 potential symptoms of a mental disorder

3 potential symptoms of a mental disorder

Abnormal thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

What is a mental disorder?

An illness that affects the mind and reduces a person’s ability to function, adjust to change, or get along with others

What 4 things can cause mental disorders?

Physical factors, heredity, early experiences, and recent experience

What is anxiety?

Fear caused by a source that you cannot identify or that is not much of a threat as you think

What is an anxiety disorder?

Anxiety over a long period of time that interferes with daily living

5 examples of anxiety disorders

Generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder

Intense thoughts and emotions do not have a single source

Phobia

Anxiety related to a specific situation or object. Claustrophobia or arachnophobia

Panic attack

Dizziness, rapid breathing, fear of losing control.

Obsession

Unwanted thought or image takes control of mind

Compulsion

Unreasonable need to behave in a certain way to prevent feared outcome.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Surviving or witnessing a life-threatening event

Mood disorder

Extreme emotions that make it difficult to function in daily life

Bipolar disorder

Manic episodes alternate with periods of deep depression

Depression

Emotional state in which a person feels sad and hopeless. Long and short term

Schizophrenia

Severe disturbances in thinking, mood, and behavior

Impulse control disorder

Cannot resist the impulse to act in a way harmful to self or others

Personality disorder

Rigid patterns of behavior that make it difficult to get along with others

Eating Disorder

Mental disorder, reveals itself through abnormal behavior related to food. About emotions, thoughts, and attitudes, not just food

Anorexia nervosa

Doesn’t eat enough to maintain healthy body weight. Symptom: Extreme weight loss. Health risks: Starve to death, heart stop beating.

Bulimia

Uncontrolled eating binges followed by purging or removing food from bodies. Symptoms: Eat in private, bathroom visits after eating. Risks: Dehydration, lack of vitamins/minerals, cavities

Binge Eating Disorder

Regularly have an uncontrollable urge to eat. Symptoms: Can’t stop eating when full, eat more than intended. Risks: Weight gain, unhealthy dieting, risk of illness

Clinical Depression

Sad or hopeless for months. Unable to enjoy activities once thought to be fun

What can Depression cause?

Problems at school, home, social life

What can happen if depression is untreated?

Leads to substance abuse, behavioral problems, suicide

Cutting

Using sharp object to intentionally cut or scratch body deep enough to bleed

Self-Injury

Unhealthy way to deal with emotions, stress, or traumatic events

Suicide

Intentional killing of selfR

Risk factors for suicide

Mood disorders like depression. Family history, mental and substance abuse disorder, depression

Cluster suicides

Series of suicides that occur within a short period of time in same peer group/community

How to deal with a friend or yourself with depression

Talk to someone, ask for help, work together. Can’t work through it alone

First step toward recovery

Recognize the need for help. See a mental health professional

Psychiatrist

Doctor who can identify and treat mental disorders

Neurologist

Doctor who treats physical disorders of the nervous system

Clinical psychologist

Trained to identify and treat abnormal behavior

Psychiatric Social worker

Helps those with mental disorders and families accept and adjust to the illness

Mental health counselor

Focus on specific problems or work with specific groups of people

Three methods to treat mental disorders

Psychotherapy, drug therapy, and hospitalization

Psychotherapy

People talk with therapist to understand and overcome mental disorder

Insight therapy

Helps people understand reasons for behavior

Cognitive and behavioral therapy

Helps a person identify situations, objects, or thoughts that trigger abnormal behaviors

Group Therapy

People meet with others of the same disordeers

Drug therapy

Doctors prescribe drugs to treat a mental disorder

Hospitalization

People need constant attention or are in danger of harming self. Receive therapy

4 ways to deal with setbacks

Think of a setback as isolated event, recognize that setback is temporary, become aware of self talk, take action