psych: psychodynamic perspective

freud and his bs lol

what are the assumptions of the psychodynamic perspective (3)

- we are strongly influenced by the structure and drives of our unconscious mind
- our development is affected by early relationships
- important info about out subconscious can be found in the way we express ourselves outwardly

the 3 parts of our psyche
(ID, ego, superego)

ID: innate instinct/pleasure principle
- source of our unconscious wants/desires
-demands instant gratification of our needs

EGO: conscious mind/reality principle
- develops at around 2/3 years old
- purpose is to balance ID in society
- is logical and rational, works to satisfy the ID is socially acceptable ways

SUPEREGO: conscience/morality principle
- develops at around 5/6 years old
- contains our moral values
- consists of two part: 1. conscious 2. morality principles
- conscious tells us right from wrong

STAGES IN FREUDS THEORY

1: oral (ages 0-1)
- focus on pleasure of the mouth
- mother's breast is the object of pleasure
-> oral fixation: smoking, biting nails, sarcastic, critical etc.

2: anal (1-3)
- focus on pleasure of the anus
- child gains pleasure from withholding and expelling faeces
-> anal retentive: perfectionist
anal expulsive: thoughtless, messy

3. phallic stage (3-5)
- focus on pleasure of the genital area
- child experiences oedipus or electra complex
-> phallic personality: narcissistic, reckless, possibly homosexual

4. Latency
earlier conflicts are represses

5. genital stage (puberty age)
- sexual desires become conscious alongside the onset of puberty

whats is fixation and how does it affect us in our adulthood?

fixation means getting stuck at any of these stages
- determines our adult personality and behavioural traits
- if fixation happens, traits from the stage we were stuck at will be present in our adult behaviour
- fixation may occur due to:
-> childhood trauma
-> pleasant or unpleasant experiences
-> change in environment

oedipus complex & diff between girls and boys

theory that children are attracted to the parent of the opposite sex and have some sort of hatred/jealously towards their same sex parent
boys -> castration anxiety
girls -> penis envy

DEFENCE MECHANISMS
link to id,ego,superego etc.

- ways we can protect ourselves from harmful information
e.g DENIAL
not capable or ready to deal with something so you truly deny that it has happened
* excessive use of defence mechanisms will lead to the ego being detached from reality over time,which can lead to psychological disorders